汽车控制臂锻坯结构与浇注系统优化

Optimization of forging billet structure and gating system of automobile control arm

为实现汽车铝合金控制臂的短流程、低成本制造,用数值模拟技术开展铸锻复合铝合金控制臂锻坯结构和浇注系统优化。结果表明:优化铝合金控制臂锻坯的宽度、高度比例,以及尾部结构用圆柱形与杆部光滑过渡,有利于消除低应变区,提高锻造变形均匀性和变形量;锻坯的浇注系统设置在尾部,在头部加置冷铁和尾部加置冒口,可减轻铝合金液对型腔的冲刷,消除头部和尾部的缩孔及疏松;用优化后的结构和浇注系统,在熔炼温度为710~730℃,浇注温度为710~720℃下制备的锻坯,表面光洁、轮廓清晰,内部未见缩孔及疏松等铸造缺陷。

In order to realize the short-flow and low-cost manufacture of automobile aluminum alloy control arm,the forging billet structure and gating system of casting-forging composite aluminum alloy control arm were optimized by numerical simulation technology.The results show that optimizing the ratio of width size,height size to length dimension of aluminum alloy control arm forging billet,the tail structure adopts cylindrical shape and smooth transition with the rod,are beneficial to eliminate the low strain zone and improve the forging deformation uniformity and deformation.The gating system of the forging billet is set at the tail,and the cold iron and riser are installed at the head,which can reduce the erosion of aluminum alloy liquid to the mold cavity and eliminate the shrinkage and porosity of the head and tail.Using the optimized structure and gating system,the forging billet prepared at melting temperature 710-730℃and pouring temperature 710-720℃has smooth surface,clear outline and no casting defects such as shrinkage and porosity.