复杂地质条件下煤矿地下水监测预警技术

Monitoring and early-warning of water disaster in coal mine with complex geological conditions

煤矿水害一直是制约矿井安全、高效生产的重要因素,尤其在水文地质条件复杂矿区,水害类型多样,水害征兆隐蔽难以及时发现,防治难度大。为保障煤矿生产安全,亟需在水文地质条件复杂的矿井因地制宜的开发地下水监测预警技术,为矿井水害防治和灾害预警提供准确信息。分析了山东某矿水文地质条件和水害隐患,制定了集水文监测、微震监测和电法监测于一体、对重点构造、重点开采工作面和重要含水层进行监测的矿井地下水监测预警方案,提出了多参数联动综合预警的水害预警方法和阈值设定方法;针对矿井水文监测孔数量少,不能满足预警要求的现状,研发了基于微胶囊技术的一孔双层地下水监测方法和装置,并在矿井地面水文监测孔中使用,取得了良好效果。研发了基于云平台的多元监测技术相互融合、“点-面-体”一体化的全空间全过程矿井突水危险源监测预警软件。通过构建基于云平台的地下水监测预警系统,能够进行多元数据实时动态采集、分析、预警和发布,为矿井水害防治提供了科学依据。

The prevention and treatment of water disaster has always been an important factor that restricts the safe and efficient production of mine.In mining areas with complex hydrogeological conditions,various kinds of water hazards are difficult to prevent.To ensure the safety of coal mine production,groundwater monitoring and early-warning technology is urgently needed,so as to provide accurate information for mine water hazards prevention.The mine groundwater monitoring and early warning scheme for monitoring key structures,key mining faces and important aquifers has been formulated,which integrates hydrological monitoring,microseismic monitoring and electrical monitoring.A water disaster early warning method based on multi parameter linkage is proposed.The threshold setting method of early warning index is also given.For the fact that the number of mine hydrological monitoring wells is limited which cannot meet the early warning requirements,the monitoring method and device of one-hole double-layer groundwater based on microcapsule technology are developed.It has been used in the mine surface hydrological monitoring well with good results achieved.The intelligent monitoring and early warning system of mine water inrush hazard source in the whole space and whole process is constructed by the fusion of multiple monitoring technologies based on cloud platform and the integration of“point-line-surface”.With the construction of groundwater monitoring and early warning system based on cloud platform,the real-time dynamic collection,analysis,early warning and release of multivariate data can be accomplished,which provides sufficient information for mine water disaster prevention and control.