两种瓢虫对茶蚜的防治效果研究

Study on the control effect of two predatory ladybeetles on tea aphid

为探索茶蚜(Toxoptera aurantii Boyer)的较优生物防控技术,采用田间释放七星瓢虫(Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus)和异色瓢虫(Harmonia axyridis Pallas)卵块的方法,探究2种捕食性瓢虫对茶蚜的田间防治效果与田间定殖能力。结果表明,在释放瓢虫卵卡15 d后,七星瓢虫和异色瓢虫防治效果分别为73.48%和74.35%,而后逐渐降低,但均维持在60%以上,2种瓢虫对茶蚜的防治效果无显著差异。七星瓢虫卵卡的田间孵化率为54.13%,异色瓢虫卵卡的田间孵化率为58.87%,在瓢虫卵卡释放30 d内均发现有瓢虫存留,且异色瓢虫各虫态存留数均略多于七星瓢虫,但除异色瓢虫的蛹存留数显著高于七星瓢虫外,其余虫态的存留数二者均无显著差异。

In order to explore the optimal biological control technology of tea aphid(Toxoptera aurantii Boyer),the field control and colonization of Coccinella septempunctata and Harmonia axyridis to the tea aphid were studied by releasing egg pieces of these two pred⁃atory ladybirds.The results showed that the Toxoptera aurantia control effect reached the best 15 days after releasing the ladybug egg mass,and the control effect of Coccinella septempunctata and Harmonia axyridis were 73.48%and 74.35%,respectively.Then it grad⁃ually decreased,but remained above 60%.There was no significant difference in the control effect between the two ladybugs in the Toxoptera aurantii.The field hatching rate of Coccinella septempunctata egg mass was 54.13%in the field,and that of Harmonia axyri⁃dis egg mass was 58.87%in the field.The released ladybugs can be detected within 30 days of the release of the egg card,and the num⁃ber of Harmonia axyridis was slightly more than that of Coccinella septempunctata.However,there was no significant difference in the number of all the other forms except that the number of Harmonia axyridis pupae was significantly higher than that of Coccinella septem⁃punctata pupae.