常用黎族药物裸花紫珠种子生物学特性及萌发性研究

Biological and germination characteristics of seeds for Callicarpa nudiflora Hook.et Arn.used as medicinal plants for Li nation

研究了黎族常用药用植物裸花紫珠(Callicarpa nudiflora Hook.et Arn.)种子的个体大小、显微结构、超微结构、生活力、吸水率和萌发率等性状。结果表明,裸花紫珠种子形态大小差异小,长度、宽度、厚度的平均值分别为1.96、1.76、1.84 mm;生物显微镜下石蜡切片观察果实,其为4室胚珠组成的种子,其中仅1~2室胚珠发育完全。扫描电镜下,裸花紫珠果实表皮具有多条脊状条带,腺鳞多数,非腺毛较少。种子的平均含水量为11.30%,吸水率平均值为80.33%,生活力平均值为33.30%;25℃为最适萌发温度,该温度下用0.3%高锰酸钾溶液、500 mg/L赤霉素或沙土包埋萌发率较高。裸花紫珠果实内部发育不全可能是导致种子的生活力和萌发率低的因素,用不同化学试剂和沙土处理种子后可以提高种子的萌发率。

Individual size,micro-structure and ultra-structure,life force,water absorption rate,germination rate and other characteristics of seeds of Callicarpa nudiflora Hook.et Arn.used for common medicinal plants of Li nation have been researched.The results showed that the shape and size of C.nudiflora seed difference was small,and the average length,width and thickness were respectively 1.96 mm,1.76 mm and 1.84 mm.The fruit was consisted of 4 room ovules which only 1~2 rooms of ovules have been developed completely by observing the paraffin sections under the biological microscope.Fruit surface has a plurality of ridged bands,most glandular scale,and fewer non-glandular hairs under the scanning electron microscope.The average seed moisture content was 11.3%,the average value of the water absorption rate was 80.33%,and the average value of the life force was 33.3%.At the optimal germination temperature 25℃,treatment measures of the solution of 0.3%liquor potassii permanganatis,500 mg/L GA_(3) or sand embedding could have a higher germination rate.Incomplete development of fruit may be the factor leading to low viability and germination rate of seeds.The germination rate of seeds could be improved after treatment with different chemical agents and sand.