高血压病中医证型分布规律的研究

Study on the distribution regularity of TCM syndrome types of hypertension

目的:分析高血压病的中医证候和分布规律。方法:随机选取2019年7月-2020年10月于广东工业大学医院龙洞门诊部、赣南医学院第一附属医院中医科门诊和健康体检中心就诊并确诊的300例高血压病患者,依据《中药新药临床研究指导原则》进行辨证。结果:300例高血压病的患者中,肝火上炎型、痰湿壅盛型、阴虚阳亢型、阴阳两虚型分别占27.3%(82/300)、20.3%(61/300)、26.3%(79/300)、26.0%(78/300);阴阳两虚型中男性的比例高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着患者年龄的增大和高血压病病程的延长,肝火上炎型和痰湿壅盛型的比例逐渐减少,阴虚阳亢型和阴阳两虚型的比例逐渐增多;在I级高血压病中,主要表现为痰湿壅盛型,在Ⅲ级高血压病中,主要表现为肝火上炎型。结论:高血压病的中医证候表现有一定的规律性,本研究可为临床上辨治高血压病提供参考。

Objective:To analyze the TCM syndromes and distribution regularity of hypertension.Methods:300 patients with hypertension from July 2019 to October 2020 were randomly selected for syndrome differentiation.Results:The liver fire type,the phlegm-dampness type,the Yin-deficiency and Yang-hyperactivity type(阴虚阳亢型),and the Yin-yang deficiency type(阴阳两虚型)accounted for 27.3%(82/300),20.3%(61/300),26.3%(79/300),26.0%(78/300),respectively.Among the patients with the Yin-yang deficiency type,the proportion of males was higher than that of females,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).With the increase of the age of the patients and the prolongation of hypertension course,the proportions of the liver fire type and the phlegm-dampness type were gradually decreased,while the proportions of the Yin-deficiency and Yang-hyperactivity type,and the Yin-yang deficiency type were gradually increased.The main syndrome type of patients with grade I hypertension was the phlegm-dampness type,and the main syndrome type of patients with grade III hypertension was the liver fire type.Conclusion:The TCM syndromes of hypertension show certain regularity.Therefore,the study can provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.