吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶--多种肝病中发挥双刃剑作用的重要介质

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase:An important medium with the role of a double-edged sword in various liver diseases

吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶(IDO)是一种重要的免疫调节酶,可降解哺乳动物必需氨基酸色氨酸水平,通过犬尿氨酸途径催化起始和限速步骤并产生多种代谢产物参与免疫应答。IDO一方面对微环境发挥免疫抑制作用,导致感染、肿瘤细胞免疫逃逸等;另一方面,对细菌、寄生虫等病原体同样发挥抑制作用,一定程度上保护机体免受病原体的侵害。因此,IDO被认为是在多种肝脏疾病发生发展中具有双刃剑作用的重要介质。本文就IDO在病毒性肝炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化、肝癌、肝棘球蚴病中的最新研究进展作一综述。

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)is an important immunoregulatory enzyme,which can degrade the level of the mammalian essential amino acid tryptophan(TRP),catalyze the initiation and rate-limiting steps through the kynurenine pathway,and produce a vari-ety of metabolites to participate in the immune response.On the one hand,IDO plays an immunosuppressive role in microenvironment and thus leads to infection and immune escape of tumor cells;on the other hand,IDO also exerts an inhibitory effect on the pathogens such as bacteria and parasites and thus protects the body from the harm of pathogens to a certain extent.Therefore,IDO is considered an important medium with the role of a double-edged sword in the development and progression of various liver diseases.This article reviews the latest research advances in IDO in viral hepatitis,liver fibrosis,liver cirrhosis,liver cancer,and hepatic echinococcosis.