急性胆囊炎内镜及介入治疗的研究进展

Research advances in endoscopic interventional treatment of acute cholecystitis

急性胆囊炎是一种常见的急腹症。根据严重程度不同可分为Ⅰ级(轻度)、Ⅱ级(中度)、Ⅲ级(严重)。对于病情严重且手术风险较高的患者,胆囊引流是重要的治疗手段。临床上常用的经皮经肝胆囊引流,临床成功率可达65%以上。随着内镜技术的发展,国内外一些中心开始将内镜下胆囊引流应用到急性胆囊炎的管理,本文介绍了临床上常用的胆囊引流方法,如经皮经肝穿刺胆囊引流、超声内镜引导下胆囊穿刺引流术、内镜下经乳头胆囊引流术等,并就近年来急性胆囊炎内镜及介入治疗发展现状进行综述。

Acute cholecystitis is a common acute abdominal disease,and it can be classified into grade I(mild),grade II(moderate),and grade III(severe)based on severity.Gallbladder drainage is an important treatment method for patients with severe disease conditions and a high surgical risk.Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage is commonly used in clinical practice and has a clinical success rate of more than 65%.With the development of endoscopic technology,some centers in China and globally have begun to apply endoscopic gall-bladder drainage to the management of acute cholecystitis.This article introduces the methods of gallbladder drainage commonly used in clin-ical practice,such as percutaneous hepatic gallbladder drainage,endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage,endoscopic transpap-illary gallbladder drainage,as well as the progress in endoscopic interventional treatment of acute cholecystitis in recent years.