老年支气管哮喘合并肺部真菌感染的影响因素分析

Analysis of factors influencing bronchial asthma in combination with pulmonary fungal infection in the elderly

目的探讨影响老年支气管哮喘合并肺部真菌感染的高危因素,以供临床采取防治措施提供参考。方法选取2018年8月—2020年12月于河南省某医院接受治疗的90例老年支气管哮喘患者为研究对象。根据患者是否合并肺部真菌感染分为感染组与未感染组。比较2组患者临床资料,并使用多项Logistic回归分析合并肺部真菌感染的危险因素。结果90例患者中,有22例合并肺部真菌感染,占24.44%(22/90);68例未合并肺部真菌感染,占75.56%(68/90)。多项Logistic回归分析结果表明:合并糖尿病、低白蛋白水平、长期使用糖皮质激素均为老年支气管哮喘合并肺部真菌感染的高危因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论老年支气管哮喘患者合并肺部真菌感染发生率较高,其中合并糖尿病、低白蛋白水平、长期使用糖皮质激素等均为老年支气管哮喘患者合并肺部真菌感染的高危因素,临床应针对性采取防治措施,以减少肺部真菌感染的发生。

Objective To investigate the high-risk factors affecting bronchial asthma in combination with pulmonary fungal infection in the elderly in order to clinical reference in taking preventive and control measures.Methods Ninety elderly patients with bronchial asthma treated in a hospital in Henan Province from August 2018 to December 2020 were selected as subjects.Patients were divided into infected and uninfected groups according to whether they were combined with pulmonary fungal infections.The clinical data of patients in the 2 groups were compared,and the risk factors of combined pulmonary fungal infections were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression.Results Among 90 patients,22 cases(24.44%)had combined pulmonary fungal infections;68 cases(75.56%)did not have combined pulmonary fungal infections.The results of multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that:combined diabetes,low albumin level,and long-term glucocorticoid use were all high risk factors for bronchial asthma combined with pulmonary fungal infections in elderly patients(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of bronchial asthma in combination with pulmonary fungal infections in elderly patients is high,among which combined diabetes,low albumin level and long-term use of glucocorticoids are all high-risk factors for bronchial asthma combined with pulmonary fungal infections in elderly patients.Prevention and control strategies should be taken clinically to reduce the occurrence of pulmonary fungal infections.