老年急性脑梗死患者溶栓治疗后健康素养水平的评估

Evaluation of Health Literacy Level in Elderly Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction After Thrombolytic Therapy

目的探讨老年急性脑梗死(ACI)患者溶栓治疗后健康素养水平的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2018年3月-2020年4月该院行溶栓治疗的60例老年ACI患者的临床资料,于溶栓治疗后7 d时采用慢性病病人健康素养调查量表评估所有患者健康素养水平,并统计患者入院时基线资料,分析老年ACI患者溶栓治疗后健康素养水平的影响因素。结果60例老年ACI患者平均健康素养水平评分为(80.81±7.26)分;年龄≥80岁、居住地为农村、慢性病数量≥2个、社会支持度低的老年ACI患者健康素养水平评分低于年龄<80岁、居住地为城市、慢性病数量<2个、社会支持度中或高的患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经多元线性回归分析得到方程:Y=24.371+7.731X_(1)+8.389X_(2)+7.206X_(3)+9.546X_(4),结果显示,年龄≥80岁(X_(1))、居住地为农村(X_(2))、慢性病数量≥2个(X_(3))、社会支持度低(X_(4))是老年ACI患者溶栓治疗后健康素养水平的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论老年ACI患者溶栓治疗后健康素养水平较低,且年龄≥80岁、居住地为农村、慢性病数量多及社会支持度低均为患者健康素养水平的影响因素。

Objective To explore the factors affecting the health literacy level of elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI)after thrombolytic therapy.Methods The clinical data of 60 elderly ACI patients who underwent thrombolytic therapy in the hospital from March 2018 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.At 7 d after thrombolytic therapy,the chronic disease patient health literacy survey scale was used to assess the health literacy level of all patients.In addition,the baseline data of patients at the time of admission were counted,and the factors influencing the health literacy level of elderly ACI patients after thrombolytic therapy were analyzed.Results The average score of health literacy level in 60 elderly ACI patients was(80.81±7.26)points.The health literacy score of elderly ACI patients with age≥80 years old,rural residence,number of chronic diseases≥2 and low social support was lower than that of elderly ACI patients with age<80 years old,urban residence,number of chronic diseases<2 and medium or high social support,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After multiple linear regression analysis:Y=24.371+7.731X_(1)+8.389X_(2)+7.206X_(3)+9.546X_(4).The results showed that age≥80 years(X_(1)),rural residence(X_(2)),number of chronic diseases≥2(X_(3))and low social support(X_(4))were the influencing factors for health literacy level of elderly ACI patients after thrombolytic therapy(P<0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients with ACI have a lower level of health literacy after thrombolytic therapy,and the age≥80 years old,a rural residence,a large number of chronic diseases,and low social support are all influencing factors for the patient's health literacy level.