恶性血液病行造血干细胞移植术后延续护理研究

Study on Continuing Nursing Care after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Malignant Hematological Diseases

目的研究延续护理对恶性血液病行造血干细胞移植术患者的干预效果。方法随机选取2020年6月-2021年6月于该院接受治疗的恶性血液病患者40例作为研究对象,以随机数表法分为两组,每组20例。两组患者均行造血干细胞移植术治疗,对照组患者术后予以常规护理和出院指导,观察组开展延续护理干预,比较两种护理方法对患者并发症发生率、健康知识知晓程度、治疗依从性、心理状态以及生活质量产生影响的异同。结果观察组并发症发生率显著低于对照组(15.0%vs 45.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.286,P<0.05);观察组患者并发症观察、复查时间、药物名称和饮食忌宜的知晓程度均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的治疗依从率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.906,P=0.048);护理后,两组患者焦虑和抑郁等负性情绪较护理前均有改善,且观察组护理后患者的负性情绪评分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者护理后的各项生活质量评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=19.635、19.108、17.604、19.286,P<0.05)。结论对恶性血液病行造血干细胞移植术患者实施延续护理的优势显著,不仅可以降低并发症的发生风险,提高患者对造血干细胞移植术后相关知识和注意事项的了解程度,提高治疗依从性,同时还可以改善患者的负性情绪,进而提高患者的生活质量,总体干预优势显著,因此,此种护理方法具备临床借鉴意义和推广价值。

Objective To study the effect of continuous nursing intervention on patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for malignant hematological diseases.Methods Randomly selected 40 patients with hematological malignancies who were treated in the hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 as the research objects,they were divided into two groups by the random number table method,with 20 cases in each group.Patients in both groups were treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Patients in the control group received routine nursing and discharge guidance after surgery,and the observation group carried out continuous nursing intervention.Compared the similarities and differences of the two nursing methods on the incidence of complications,awareness of health knowledge,treatment compliance,psychological status and quality of life.Results The incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(15.0%vs 45.0%),the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.286,P<0.05).The awareness degree of complications observation,review time,drug name and dietary restriction in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The treatment compliance rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=3.906,P=0.048).After nursing,the negative emotions such as anxiety and depression of patients in the two groups after nursing were improved,and the negative emotion score of patients in the observation group after nursing was significantly lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of quality of life after nursing in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=19.635,19.108,17.604,19.286,P<0.05).Conclusion The advantages of continuing care for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for malignant hematological diseases are significant.It can not only reduce the risk of complications,but also improve patients'understanding of relevant knowledge and precautions after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,and improve treatment compliance.At the same time,it can also improve the patient's negative emotions,thereby improving the patient's quality of life,and the overall intervention has significant advantages.Therefore,this nursing method has clinical reference significance and promotion value.