微生物检验在感染性疾病患者预防和诊断治疗中的临床价值

The Clinical Value of Microbiological Examination in the Prevention,Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Infectious Diseases

目的探讨通过微生物检验方案进行感染性疾病预防以及诊断的价值。方法随机选择2020年1-12月收治的感染性疾病者120例,随机分为两组,各60例。对照组常规以广谱抗生素治疗,研究组则需要先采集患者分泌物、中段尿、血液、脑脊液等标本进行培养与病原菌分离,检验菌株类型,再利用试管法、K-B法药敏纸片进行药敏试验,以药敏试验结果指导临床选取抗生素治疗。分析研究组感染菌株的检出情况,比较两组治疗后感染控制率,并分析两组患者诊断治疗的有效性。结果研究组微生物检验检出:大肠埃希菌36.67%(22/60)、金黄色葡萄球菌23.33%(14/60)、肺炎克雷白杆菌26.67%(16/60)、铜绿假单细菌13.33%(8/60),微生物检验对病原菌的检出率为100.00%。治疗后研究组总感染率为23.33%,低于对照组48.33%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.155,P=0.004)。研究组诊断治疗总有效率为93.33%,高于对照组80.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.615,P=0.032)。结论对感染性疾病患者采用微生物检验的方案能够有效分离感染菌株,配合药敏实验可指导临床用药的合理开展,能提高临床用药针对性,有利于提高对疾病的诊断与治疗效果,值得推广。

Objective To explore the value of prevention and diagnosis of infectious diseases through microbiological testing programs.Methods From January to December 2020,120 patients with infectious diseases were randomly selected and divided into two groups,with 60 cases in each group.The control group was routinely treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics.The study group needs to collect samples of patient secretions,mid-section urine,blood,and cerebrospinal fluid for cultivation and isolation of pathogenic bacteria,test the types of strains,and then use the test tube method and K-B method drug susceptibility paper for drug susceptibility testing.Used the results of the drug sensitivity test to guide the clinical selection of antibiotic treatment.Analyzed the detection of infectious strains in the study group,and compared the infection control rates of the two groups after treatment.And analyzed the effectiveness of the diagnosis and treatment of the two groups of patients.Results The microbiological test of the study group detected:Escherichia coli 36.67%(22/60),Staphylococcus aureus 23.33%(14/60),Klebsiella pneumoniae 26.67%(16/60),Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13.33%(8/60).The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria by microbiological test was 100.00%.After treatment,the total infection rate in the study group was 23.33%,which was lower than 48.33%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=8.155,P=0.004).The total effective rate of diagnosis and treatment in the study group was 93.33%,which was higher than 80.00%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.615,P=0.032).Conclusion The use of microbiological testing for patients with infectious diseases can effectively isolate infectious strains,and the combination of drug susceptibility experiments can guide the rational development of clinical medication and improve the pertinence of clinical medication.It is helpful to improve the diagnosis and treatment of diseases,and it is worthy of promotion.