新生儿腺样体增生及其影响因素分析

Analysis of adenoid hyperplasia and its influencing factors of neonates

目的探索新生儿腺样体增生发育与疾病、性别、出生胎龄、出生体重、日龄的相关性。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2020年12月在深圳市儿童医院接受电子鼻咽喉镜检查的131例新生儿临床资料(男84例,女47例),并根据喉镜检查结果分为增生组(81例,61.83%)和未增生组(50例,38.17%)。比较两组新生儿的一般情况及腺样体发育特点。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析。结果与未增生组相比,腺样体增生组日龄、出生体重较大,差异有统计学意义(Z日龄=-4.634,Z体重=-2.273,P值均<0.05),两组间的性别、出生胎龄的差异无统计学意义。增生组中合并鼻炎/鼻窦炎的新生儿较未增生组更常见(62.96%vs 48%)。结论新生儿腺样体增生发育与日龄、出生体重相关,与性别、出生胎龄无明显相关。

Objective To explore the characteristics of neonatal adenoid development and to study the relationship between neonatal adenoid development and disease.Methods A retrospective analysis of neonates who received an electronic rhinopharyngolaryngoscope at Shenzhen Children′s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 was conducted to track the children′s medical history and to analyze the adenoid development status.All 131 neonates successfully completed the electronic laryngoscopy.According to the presence or absence of visible adenoid hyperplasia,they were divided into a hyperplasia group(81 cases,61.83%)and an un-hyperplasia group(50 cases,38.17%).Results Compared with the un-hyperplasia group,the age and birth weight of the adenoid hyperplasia group were larger,and the difference was statistically significant(Zage=-4.634,Zweight=-2.273,all P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in gender and gestational age between the two groups.The number of neonates with rhinitis/sinusitis in the hyperplasia group were significantly more than those in the un-hyperplasia group(62.96%vs 48%).Conclusion The development of neonatal adenoids is related to daily age,birth weight,but not significantly related to gender and gestational age.