1899—1912年胶海关缉私活动初探

A preliminary research on the anti-smuggling activities of Kiaochow Customs from 1899 to 1912

胶海关是中国政府设置在外国租界地的第一个海关。在外籍税务司制度管理下的胶海关缉私活动对清末胶州地区走私起到了一定抑制作用,其在打击口岸走私活动的同时规范了海关的进出口秩序。华人华商走私与胶海关缉私的矛盾关系揭示了隐藏其中的多层社会问题,胶州人民的自发缉私斗争揭示了胶州地区人民在封建势力与帝国主义双重剥削下的艰难生存困境,从中可以理解国家政权强弱与缉私盛衰的辩证关系,进而树立和强化海关捍卫国家权益、维护民族利益的缉私理念。

The Kiaochow Customs is the first customs office set up by the Chinese government in a foreign concession.The anti-smuggling activities of Kiaochow Customs under the management of the foreign Taxation Department played a certain role in suppressing smuggling in Jiaozhou area in the late Qing Dynasty,which not only suppressed smuggling activities at ports but also regulated the import and export order of the customs.The contradictory relationship between smuggling by Chinese and Chinese merchants and anti-smuggling by Kiaochow Customs reveals the hidden multi-layer social problems.The spontaneous anti-smuggling struggle of Jiaozhou people reveals the difficult survival plight of people in Jiaozhou area under the double exploitation of feudal forces and imperialism,from which we can understand the dialectical relationship between the strength of state power and the rise and fall of anti-smuggling,and then set up and strengthen the anti-smuggling concept of Customs to defend national rights and interests and safeguard national interests.