唐代墓志铭中胡族女性的多元形象与书写

Multiple Images of Hu Women in the Epitaphs of the Tang Dynasty and Its Writing

碑志研究逐渐从单一的史料考证转向细腻周全的史学分析,墓志铭不仅丰富了胡族女性的形象,而且可以更好地理解唐代夷夏观念。较之于传世文献对女性形象的刻板呈现,墓志铭刻画了更为多元的胡族女性形象,这种表达背后有着特殊的生成机制和社会意识:一方面志文模式出现程式化,内容是在两性视角下对理想女性形象的表达和建构;另一方面志文的个性书写是对传统父权制结构的补充与挑战,是女性现实形象的写照。无论是墓志铭中表现的女性形象,还是文本背后所反映的社会意识,其所体现的夷夏观念非常淡薄。

By sorting out the epitaphs of Hu women,it has been found that these epitaphs not only enrich the images of Hu women,but also restore the writing context. Compared with the stereotyped presentation of female images in handed-down documents,these epitaphs depict more diverse images of Hu women. Behind this expression,there is a special generation mechanism and social consciousness:on the one hand,the pattern of epitaphs is stylized,and the content is the expression and construction of ideal female images from the perspective of both sexes;on the other hand,the characterized writing of the epitaphs is not only a supplement and challenge to the traditional patriarchal structure,but also a portrayal of women’s real images. Whether it is the female image in the epitaph or the social consciousness reflected by this text,the concept of Yi-Xia is very weak.