2014-2019年湖南省卫生人力资源配置的公平性分析

Analysis on the equity of health human resources allocationin Hunan Province From 2014 to 2019

[目的]对湖南省2019年卫生人力资源数据配置公平性进行分析,为卫生行政部门制定相关政策提供参考。[方法]从《湖南省卫生健康统计摘要》筛选2014-2019年数据进行描述性分析,结合基尼系数和洛伦兹曲线对卫生人力资源指标进行评价。[结果]2019年湖南省卫生技术人员、执业(助理)医师、注册护士的数量分别为50.24万人、19.05万人、24.06万人,较2014年分别增长了16.10万人、5.72万人、10.43万人,但乡村医生和卫生员总量呈不断减少状态,管理人员还有所欠缺,医疗卫生机构内部资源差异较大,卫生人力资源按人口分布的公平性高于按土地面积分布。[结论]湖南省卫生资源配置力度仍需加强,应科学设置卫生资源配置标准;区域间医护比问题较为严重,需合理分配医护人员;医疗卫生机构内部资源配备不合理,卫生资源应向基层倾斜;地理分布公平性仍有较大改善空间,应统筹兼顾合理配置卫生资源。

Objective To conduct a fair analysis of the health human resource data in Hunan Province in 2019 so as to provide reference for making relevant policies by health administration department.Methods The data from 2014 to 2019 were selected from the“Summary of Health Statistics of Hunan Province”for descriptive analysis,and the Gini coefficient and Lorentz curve were combined to evaluate the health human resource indicators.Results In 2019,the numbers of health technicians,practicing(assistant)physicians,and registered nurses were 502,400,190,500,and 240,600,respectively,increased 161,000,57,200 and 104,300 of in 2014.However,the total number of rural doctors and health workers showed in a state of constant decline.There was still a shortage of management personnel.There was great difference in internal resources of medical and health institutions.The fairness of health human resources according to population distribution was higher than of according to the distribution by land area.Conclusions The allocation of health resources in Hunan Province still needs to be strengthened,and health resource allocation standards should be set scientifically;The problem of inter-regional medical-care ratio is serious,and medical personnel need to be allocated reasonably;The internal resource allocation of medical and health institutions is unreasonable,and health resources should be tilted towards the grassroots;There is still much room for improvement in the fairness according to geographical distribution,and health resources should be allocated in a coordinated way.