明清地方人地关系变迁及其对农副业发展的影响——以湖北郧阳府为例

The Change of Local Man-Land Relationship and Its Influence on the Development of Agriculture and Sideline Industry in Ming and Qing Dynasties:A Case Study of Yunyang in Hubei Province

明清时期由于人口增长、战乱和灾荒以及美洲农作物的传入与推广,南方山区逐步得到规模性开发,人地关系的矛盾表现得尤为突出,农副业得到空前发展的同时也带来生态环境的失衡恶化。地处秦巴山区的郧阳府即为典型实例。明清郧阳府人地关系变迁及其对农副业经济发展的影响启示人们,需要综合规划农业结构,正确认识和处理好经济发展与环境保护的关系。

In Ming and Qing Dynasties,due to population growth,wars,famines and the introduction and popularization of crops from the Americas,mountainous areas in the south were gradually developed on a large scale,the contradiction between man and land was particularly prominent,and the unprecedented development of agriculture and sideline industry brought about the imbalance and deterioration of ecological environment.Yunyang located in the Qinling-Daba Mountain areas was a typical example.The change of man-land relationship in Yunyang in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and its influence on the development of agriculture and sideline economy reveal that it is necessary to comprehensively plan agricultural structure and correctly understand and handle the relationship between economic development and environmental protection.