巯基螯合剂治疗重金属中毒研究进展

Research progress in sulfhydryl chelating agents in treatment of heavy metal poisoning

不同种类重金属引起的中毒,尽管其中毒机制不尽相同,但均会对人体造成严重危害,故合理使用高效解毒剂成为治疗重金属中毒的关键。二巯丙醇、二巯丁二酸、二巯丙磺钠、青霉胺和硫辛酸等巯基螯合剂是应用于重金属中毒解毒最广泛的治疗药物。不同巯基螯合剂的化学特征不同,其与重金属离子的络合机制也具有明显差异。针对不同的重金属中毒,临床治疗药物也应有所不同。联合用药可提高重金属中毒的解毒功效。

Poisoning caused by different types of heavy metals can cause serious harm to the human body despite the varied poisoning mechanisms.Therefore,rational use of high-efficiency antidotes has become critical to the treatment of heavy metal poisoning.Mercaptopropanol,dimercaptosuccinic acid,sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate,penicillamine and lipoic acid are the most widely used therapeutic drugs for heavy metal poisoning and detoxification.Different sulfhydryl chelating agents have different chemical characteristics,and their complex mechanisms with heavy metal ions are also significantly different.Different forms heavy metal poisoning require different clinical drugs.Combined medica⁃tions can improve the detoxification effect in case of heavy metal poisoning.