公里级激光反射层析实验和碎片质心估计

Kilometer-level laser reflective tomography experiment and debris barycenter estimation

大功率激光清理低轨大量厘米级空间碎片一直是国际学术研究的热点.其中,空间碎片的精确定位和碎片质心距离的高精度测量是关键,也是亟待解决的世界性难题.作为一种新型远距离、高分辨率的成像方法,激光反射层析具有成像分辨率与探测距离无关的优势,是远距离空间暗目标探测的有效途径.基于激光反射层析原理,建立厘米级空间碎片目标质心模型,分析碎片目标与探测器的相对运动,进而提出厘米级空间碎片质心距离估计方法,开展了1 km探测距离激光反射层析实验验证.实验结果表明,该方法能够将质心探测精度由1.50 cm提高到0.34 cm,是实现厘米级空间碎片质心距离高精度测量的有效手段.该研究实现了公里级激光反射层析实验及其理论验证的突破,具有更广阔的应用前景和技术发展潜力.

Removal of the numerous centimeter-level space debris in low Earth orbit by using high-power lasers is always a hot topic of international academic research.Specifically,the precise positioning of space debris and high-precision measurement of barycenter range of debris are the key points and worldwide problems that need to be promptly solved.As a new remote high-resolution imaging method,laser reflective tomography is an effective approach to detecting the dark targets in remote space with its imaging resolution independent of the detection range.Hence,a centimeter-level space debris barycenter model is established according to the principle of laser reflective tomography in order to analyze the relative movement of debris and detector.On this basis,an approach to estimating the barycenter range of centimeter-level space debris is proposed to carry out the experimental verification of 1km detection range laser reflective tomography.The experimental results show that this method can improve the accuracy of barycenter detection from 1.50 cm to 0.34 cm,which is an effective measure for realizing high-precision measurement of barycenter ranges of centimeter-level space debris.Furthermore,this study achieves a breakthrough in kilometer-level laser reflective tomography experiments and theory of validation,and the kilometer-level laser reflective tomography has a great application prospect and technical potential.