论效率与公平的基本问题

On the Basic Issues of Efficiency and Fairness

效率与公平作为人类追求的两大价值,既是任何时代关注的重大问题,又是理论和实践都难以达成共识的问题。而不能达成共识的认识论根源,在于没有围绕同一对象及其基本问题进行研究。马克思主义政治哲学从现实性与理想性的统一视域研究效率与公平,发现效率与公平不是单一的线性关系而是一种复合关系,厘清和规范了效率与公平的研究对象、评价标准及其制度建构。效率与公平的基本问题是为谁、为何、如何的问题,对基本问题的回答明晰了效率与公平的价值主体、价值内容和运行方式。

Efficiency and fairness,as two great values pursued by mankind,are not only the major concerns across all eras,but also the issues on which a consensus has been hard to reach in terms of theory and practice.The epistemological root of the failure to reach consensus lies in the lack of research on the same object and its basic problems.Marxist political philosophy studies efficiency and fairness from the perspective of the unity of reality and ideal,and finds that efficiency and fairness are not in a single linear relationship,but in a compound one.This clarifies and standardizes the object of research,standard of evaluation and system construction of efficiency and fairness.The basic questions of efficiency and fairness are"who","why"and"how".The answers to the basic questions have crystallized the value subject,value content and operation mode of efficiency and fairness.