《朱子语类》哀伤概念词语类聚考探

A Probe into the Clustering of Sad Concept Words in“Zhu Xi’s Language Notes”

语言的发展过程是一个动态的整合过程,各概念词语类聚辐射成不同的词汇群,又互相影响。《朱子语类》表达“哀伤”概念的词有“哀、恸、惨、悲、戚、痛、伤、恻、怛”等词,各概念词语组合类聚,形成更大的词汇网络系统。各概念词语在《朱子语类》这一静态平面反映出的词汇现象不仅可以分析其概念场内部词语以及与其他概念场词语的关系,也可以考探词的历时动态发展,进而分析汉语词义系统的发展演变。

the development process of language is a dynamic integration process,in which various conceptual words gather and radiate into different vocabulary groups and influence each other.The words that express the concept of"sorrow"in“Zhu Xi’s Language Notes”include“Ai(哀),Tong(恸),Can(惨),Bei(悲),Qi(戚),Tong(痛),Shang(伤),Ce(恻),and Da(怛)”.The combination of various concept words forms a larger vocabulary network system.The vocabulary phenomenon reflected by the concept words in the static plane of“Zhu Xi’s Language Notes”can not only analyze the words in the concept field and the relationship with other concept field words,but also examine the diachronic and dynamic development of words,from which we can analyze the Chinese word meaning system and the development evolution.