早实核桃杂交后代生长和叶绿素荧光特性比较研究

Comparison of growth and fluorescence characteristics of progeny of early bearing walnut hybrids

【目的】探究早实核桃杂交后代单株生长情况和选择利用潜力,为核桃杂交后代优良单株选择提供理论依据。【方法】以26株树龄6 a的早实核桃杂交苗为材料,测定其生长指标,并采用PAM-2500型便携式叶绿素荧光仪测定核桃杂交后代的叶绿素荧光指标。【结果】核桃杂交后代生长指标和叶绿素荧光参数单株间有显著差异(P<0.05);株高和地径以H1507最大,分别为3.21 m和29.96 cm;H1503和H1507的F_(m)/F_(o)和Fv/Fo较大,其中H1503的F_(m)/F_(o)和Fv/Fo高达5.63和4.68.相关性分析表明,地径和叶片含水率与F_(m)/F_(o)呈正相关(P<0.05);叶长和叶宽与F_(m)/F_(o)和PIABS呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),F_(m)/F_(o)、Fv/Fo可作为核桃杂交后代株高和地径生长快慢评判的有效指标。【结论】通过综合评价和聚类分析,将综合评价(D)值较高的6个单株划分为A、B两大类,其中H1503和H1507单株的表型性状和PSII光合效率均优良。早实核桃杂交后代单株表型生长越优良,其PSII指示光合效率荧光参数值越高,说明叶绿素荧光参数在一定程度上可反映杂交后代单株的生长情况。

【Objective】To explore the single plant growth and potential selection and utilization of early fruiting walnut hybrid progeny,and to provide theoretical basis for excellent single plant selection of walnut hybrid progeny.【Method】The growth of 26 progeny of 6-year hybrid progeny of early fruit walnut was measured,and the chlorophyll fluorescence index of progeny of walnut was measured by a portable chlorophyll fluorescence apparatus of PAM-2500.【Result】There were significant differences in the growth indexes and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the progeny of walnut hybrids(P<0.05).H1507 was the largest in plant height and ground diameter,which were 3.21 m and 29.96 cm,respectively.The F_(m)/F_(o)and Fv/Fo of H1503 and H1507 were relatively large,of which the F_(m)/F_(o)and Fv/Fo of H1503 were as high as 5.63 and 4.68.Correlation analysis showed that ground diameter and leaf water content were positively correlated with F_(m)/F_(o)(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between leaf length and leaf width and F_(m)/F_(o)and PIABS(P<0.01).F_(m)/F_(o)and Fv/Fo could be used as effective indexes to evaluate the growth rate of plant height and ground diameter of walnut hybrid progeny.【Conclusion】Through comprehensive evaluation and cluster analysis,the six single plants with higher comprehensive evaluation(D)values were divided into two categories:A and B,among which H1503 and H1507 had excellent phenotype traits and PSII photosynthetic efficiency.The better the phenotype growth of early fruited walnut progeny,the higher the value of PSII indicated photosynthetic efficiency fluorescence parameter,which indicated that the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter could reflect the growth of single plant of hybrid progeny to a certain extent.