糖尿病介导的周细胞损伤对脊髓损伤后血脊屏障破坏的作用

Effect of Diabetes-Mediated Pericyte Injury on Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Destruction after Spinal Cord Injury

糖尿病是一种常见的慢性代谢异常性疾病,可通过血糖异常诱导体内内环境紊乱,引起一系列急性或慢性并发症。慢性高血糖可引起大血管和微血管病变,该过程由错综复杂的分子机制协同调控,例如炎症反应、细胞内应激作用、细胞焦亡和细胞铁死亡等。糖尿病可抑制脊髓损伤后血脊屏障修复,加重神经功能损伤,从而不利于运动功能恢复。周细胞是神经血管单元的重要组成部分,参与调控血管再生、毛细血管血流量以及血脊屏障渗透性。脊髓损伤后,血脊屏障遭到破坏,周细胞覆盖率显著降低,血管正常功能受到巨大影响。糖尿病不仅参与调控周细胞的收缩表型和信号传导,而且改变周细胞分泌基因组谱,影响周细胞正常功能。此外,有研究证实,糖尿病促进脊髓损伤后周细胞丢失。本综述系统阐述了糖尿病对血管系统中周细胞的调控作用,及其介导的周细胞损伤对脊髓损伤后血脊屏障修复影响的研究进展。

Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a common and chronic metabolic disease,which disturbs the internal environment,and then causes series of acute or chronic complications.Chronic hyperglycemia induces macroangiopathy and microangiopathy,which is synergistically regulated by intricate molecular mechanisms,including inflammatory responses,intracellular stress,pyrotosis and ferroptosis.DM hinders the repair of blood-spinal cord barrier(BSCB)after spinal cord injury(SCI)and aggravates the neurological damage.Pericytes are the main component of neurovascular units,which regulates angiogenesis,capillary blood flow,and BSCB permeability.After SCI,the BSCB is destroyed,the coverage rate of pericytes is significantly reduced.Then,it greatly affects the normal function of blood vessels.Diabetes not only plays a role in regulating the contraction phenotype and signal transduction of pericytes,but also changes the secretion genome spectrum of pericytes,and then affects the normal function of pericytes.Moreover,it has also been shown that diabetes promotes the loss of pericytes after SCI.This review systematically describes the regulatory effect of diabetes on pericytes in the vascular system,and the effect of diabetes mediated-pericyte injury on BSCB after SCI.