重访法典(化)的基本法理议题

Revisiting the Fundamental Jurisprudential Issues of Codification

法典(化)的历史经验和普遍实践引发了诸多围绕法典(化)基础法理问题的争议,认真对待法典和法典化要求我们重访法典(化)的基础法理问题。其一,“法典”是一个具有层级高低和中心边缘之分的原型范畴,综合性、体系性和集成化是法典的主要特性;法典既是一种特定形态的成文法规范构造,也是一种特质鲜明的法律思维方式。其二,作为一种思维方式的法典(化)是古往今来所有法制文明的基本现象,是法律理性化和法学科学化的内在要求;支持和反对(作为特定法律存在形式的)法典(化)的理由分属法律性、社会性、技术性和哲理性四个不同维度,分为内在理由与外在理由两种性质,应该坚持“差序化”的法典化推进策略,反对法典主义。其三,“是否应当创制法典、推进法典化”的争议可以通过追问“应当创制什么样的法典”进行转换、深化。重访法典化的基础法理议题,有助于重塑法典观的新范式和构建新时代的法典学。

The historical experience and common practice of codification have led to many controversies surrounding the fundamental jurisprudence of codification,and taking the code and codification seriously requires us to revisit the fundamental jurisprudence of codification.Firstly,the“code”is a prototype category with different levels and edges,and comprehensiveness,systematization and integration are the main characteristics of the code.A code is both a specific form of statutory normative construction and a distinctive way of legal thinking.Secondly,codification as a way of thinking is the fundamental phenomenon of all legal civilizations throughout the ages,and is an inherent requirement of legal rationalization and scientific legal science.The reasons for supporting and opposing codification(as a specific form of legal existence)belong to four different dimensions—legality,sociality,technicality,and philosophy—which are divided into two natures:internal reasons and external reasons.We should adhere to the differentiation strategy of promoting codification and oppose codificationism.Thirdly,the controversy over whether a code should be created and codified can be transformed and deepened by asking what kind of code should be created.Revisiting the fundamental jurisprudential issues of codification will help reshape the new paradigm of the conception of the code and construct a new era of the legal science of code.