唐山市社区成年居民脑卒中相关知识认知现状及影响因素分析

Cognitive status and its influencing factors of stroke⁃related knowledge among adult community residents in Tangshan

目的分析社区居民脑卒中防控相关知识认知现状及影响因素。方法于2020年10月采用方便抽样方法在唐山市辖区内分别抽取1个区、县级市和县,每个区(县)分别各抽取1个社区(村),抽中社区(村)的全体成年常住居民作为调查对象进行脑卒中相关知识调查,采用描述性分析方法对居民脑卒中知识掌握情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对居民脑卒中知识影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共获得唐山市社区居民有效问卷1342份,男性685人,女性657人,年龄18~84岁,平均(42.51±19.14)岁。脑卒中防控相关知识认知量表评分的总分为(27.69±5.13)分,总体得分率为38.89%。脑卒中基础知识得分为(18.25±4.25)分、脑卒中诱发因素(4.86±1.00)分、脑卒中危险因素识别(4.77±0.96)分、脑卒中发病后急救处置知识(1.98±0.65)分,得分率从高到低分别为脑卒中诱发因素、脑卒中基础知识、脑卒中危险因素识别和脑卒中发病后急救处置知识,分别为45.45%、42.86%、38.46%、33.33%。年龄较大(β’=0.137)、受教育程度较高(β’=0.119)、职业为工人、干部和专业技术人员(β’=0.201)、脑卒中病史/脑卒中家族史阳性(β’=0.261、0.143)、相关慢性病史阳性(β’=0.267)、接受过脑卒中相关知识健康教育(β’=0.328)的社区居民脑卒中防控相关知识认知水平较高。结论唐山市社区居民的脑卒中防控相关知识认知有待提高,积极地提升社区健康教育是有效提升居民脑卒中防控相关知识认知水平的有效方法。

Objective To analyze the cognitive status and its influencing factors of stroke prevention and control‐related knowledge among community residents.Methods In October 2020,the convenient sampling method was used to select one district,county‐level city,and county,respectively,in the jurisdiction of Tangshan,and one community(vil‐lage)was selected from each district(county).All adult permanent residents of the community(village)were investigated stroke‐related knowledge.The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the residents'mastery of stroke knowledge,and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results A total of 1342 valid questionnaires were obtained from community residents in Tangshan City,including 685 males and 657 females,aged 18-84 years,with an average of(42.51±19.14)years old.The total score on the stroke prevention and control‐related knowledge cognition scale was(27.69±5.13),and the scoring rate of the total score was 38.89%.The score of basic knowl‐edge of stroke was(18.25±4.25),stroke‐inducing factors was(4.86±1.00),identifying risk factors of stroke was(4.77±0.96),and knowledge of emergency treatment after stroke was(1.98±0.65).The scoring rates from high to low were stroke‐inducing factors,basic knowledge of stroke,identifying risk factors of stroke,and knowledge of emergency treatment after stroke,which was 45.45%,42.86%,38.46%,and 33.33%,respectively.Older age(β'=0.137),higher education level(β'=0.119),workers,cacles and professional technicians(β'=0.201),stroke history/positive family history of stroke(β'=0.261、0.143),positive history of related chronic diseases(β'=0.267),and who have received stroke‐related knowl‐edge and health education(β'=0.328)had a higher level of knowledge about stroke prevention and control.Conclusion The cognition of stroke prevention and control‐related knowledge of community residents in Tangshan needs to be im‐proved.Actively improving community health education is an effective way to effectively improve the cognition level of stroke prevention and control‐related knowledge of residents.