驻马店地区精神分裂患者高风险行为发生现状及影响因素研究

Status and influencing factors of high⁃risk behavior of schizophrenic patients in Zhumadian

目的探讨驻马店地区精神分裂症患者高风险行为发生现状及影响因素。方法以驻马店市某医院精神科造册在管的精神分裂患者作为研究对象进行基本资料收集,并由精神科医师对调查对象进行高风险行为评估,采用描述性分析方法对精神分裂患者高风险行为发生情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对高风险行为发生影响因素进行分析。结果本次调查对1084例精神分裂症患者进行高风险行为评估,男性679例,占62.64%,女性405例,占37.36%。平均年龄(47.89±27.65)岁。评估结果显示高风险行为者78例,占7.19%。男性(OR=2.704)、年龄为18~50岁(OR=1.555,2.729,3.861)、户籍为外地(OR=1.967)、职业为失业或无业(OR=2.729)、监护人不是配偶(OR=3.762,4.250,7.822,8.306,10.064)、既往住院次数较多(OR=3.500,3.803,7.621)、既往应急处置次数较多(OR=10.644,31.218)的精神分裂症患者出现高风险行为的风险较高。结论驻马店地区内的精神分裂症患者具有一定的高风险行为比例,应对其中的男性、18~50岁、外地户籍的患者积极实施救助,保证相应的社会支持。对于多次住院、多次发生应急处置的患者需给予加强关注。

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of high‐risk behavior among schizophrenic pa‐tients in Zhumadian.Methods The primary data of schizophrenic patients under the management of the psychiatry depart‐ment of a hospital in Zhumadian City were collected as the research objects,and psychiatrists evaluated the high‐risk be‐haviors of the survey subjects.The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze high‐risk behavior in schizophrenic pa‐tients,and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of high‐risk behavior.Results In this survey,1084 schizophrenic patients were evaluated for high‐risk behavior,679 were male,accounting for 62.64%,and 405 were female,accounting for 37.36%.The mean age was(47.89±27.65)years old.The evaluation re‐sults showed that 78 patients had high‐risk behaviors,accounting for 7.19%.Schizophrenic patients who were male(OR=2.704),aged 18-50 years old(OR=1.555,2.729,3.861),nonlocal census register(OR=1.967),unemployed or out of work(OR=2.729),the guardian was not a spouse(OR=3.762,4.250,7.822,8.306,10.064),more frequent hospital‐izations in the past(OR=3.500,3.803,7.621),and more frequent emergency treatment in the past(OR=10.644,31.218)were more likely to have high‐risk behaviors.Conclusion Schizophrenic patients in Zhumadian have a certain proportion of high‐risk behaviors.The male,aged 18-50 years old,and nonlocal census register should actively implement assistance to ensure corresponding social support.For patients hospitalized many times and have had emergency treatment many times,we need to pay more attention.