旋耕除草机耕作部件降耗设计试验

The Consumption Reduction and Experiment Conducted on Tillage Parts of the Rotary Mower

传统自走式旋耕除草机主要存在工人操作费力、旋耕刀入土困难、机组前进速度较大且不匀和切草效率较低等问题,为进一步提高整机工作效率及稳定性,对耕作部件进行优化设计,将刀具刀型由直角刀改为旋耕弯刀,为整机增配钢带传动的地轮驱动系统。利用ABAQUS软件对新旧刀辊进行数据模拟,结果表明:优化后刀辊所受的平均切削力降低了60.56%,平均切土功耗降低了49.46%,最大切土功耗降低了53.21%。对优化前后样机进行试验对比,结果表明:优化后机器能够满足正常工作要求,相比原机器,前进速度更加均匀,操作性能更加稳定,碎土率高于原机器13%,工作效率显著提升。

At present,traditional self-propelled rotary tillage mower appears many shortages in the working order.It tends to be labor-intensive and has difficulties on inserting the rotary tiller into the soil.Moreover,the advance speed of the unit is high but uneven,and the grass cutting efficiency is relatively low.To raise the efficiency and stability of the whole machine,we made an optimized design of the tillage parts.We changed the type of the blade from right-angle to curving,then added the wheel driving system which is transmitted by steel belt to the machine.Furthermore,we simulated the roller before and after optimization by ABAQUS,the results showed that the maximum cutting force on the optimized roller is 489.14 N,a decrease of 60.52%then before,and the average cutting power is 0.39 kW,decreases 49.46%.Compared the results of the experiment on optimized prototype with the former one,it shows better properties that can meet the normal working requirements and the forward speed is more even than before.In addition,there is a remarkable improvement in the soil crushing,which increases 13%then before.Compared to the original one,the stability and working efficiency also improved significantly.