共同富裕愿景下可行能力差距的测度与分解--基于中国家庭追踪调查数据的实证研究

The Measurement and Decomposition of Feasible Ability Gap under the Vision of Common Prosperity--An empirical study based on the data of China Family Panel Studies

以人类发展指数为基础,结合中国家庭追踪调查数据,测度样本个体的可行能力。再以机会不平等理论为基础,遵循“环境-努力”的二元框架,构建可行能力决定方程,测度并分解可行能力差距,识别出可行能力差距与机会不平等的主要成因。测度结果表明,在可行能力差距中,努力程度的贡献度为22.15%,机会不平等的贡献度为18.79%;在外生条件变量中,12岁时的户口类型、性别、父母受教育水平是机会不平等的主要成因。以共同富裕愿景为导向,结合实证研究结论,提出从出生、受教育、就业、退出劳动力市场4个阶段入手,分阶段缩小可行能力差距。

Based on the human development index,and combined with the data of China Family Panel Studies,this paper measures the capabilities of sample individuals.Then,based on the theory of inequality of opportunity,and following the dual framework of“circumstance-effort”,it constructs the determination equation of capabilities to measure and decompose the disparity of capability,and to identify the main factors leading to the disparity of capabilities and inequality of opportunities.The empirical study shows that,in the disparity of capabilities,the contribution of effort is 22.15%,and the contribution of inequality of opportunities is 18.79%;among the exogenous condition variables,the type of household registration of a person at the age of 12,his/her gender,parents’education are the main causes of inequality of opportunities.Based on the vision of common prosperity and conclusions from empirical research,this paper puts forward four life cycle stages at which to reduce the disparity of capabilities:birth,education,employment and exit from the labor market.