轻便电动液压油茶果采收机的研制

Manufacture of Portable Electro-hydraulic Camellia Fruit Harvester

园艺化栽培的油茶株间行距一般为3m×4m或者4m×4m,成林后的茶树枝条纵横交错,现有的油茶果采摘机械难以在油茶林中穿行和采摘。为此,设计了一种轻便电动液压油茶果采收机,长宽为1.5m×1m,能在园艺化栽培油茶林中行走和采摘。运用Creo软件对整机进行三维建模,对关键部件和液压系统进行了设计,并以胶辊间隙和胶辊转速为试验因素,以油茶果漏采率和花苞损伤率为评价指标,在江西省林业科学院油茶种植基地进行了试验。结果表明:电动液压油茶果采收机的油茶果漏采率为18.90%,花苞损伤率为25.11%,当胶辊直径为32mm时胶辊间隙对油茶果漏采率影响显著。

The row spacing of Camellia in horticultural cultivation was generally 3 m×4 m or 4 m×4 m.After the forest,the branches of Camellia tree were crisscross.The existing picking machine of Camellia fruit was difficult to walk and pick in the Camellia forest.The portable electro-hydraulic Camellia fruit picking device designed in this paper was 1.5 m×1 m long and 1.4 m minimum height,which can walk and pick in the gaps of Camellia forest.Three dimensional modeling of the whole machine was designed in Pro/E software,and the key components and hydraulic system were designed.The gap and revolution of rubber rollers were taken as experimental factors.The missed harvest rate of Camellia fruit and bud damage rate were used as evaluation indexes.Field experiments were carried out in the Camellia planting base of Jiangxi Academy of Forestry Sciences.The results show that the Camellia fruit missed harvest rate of the electro-hydraulic Camellia fruit harvester is 18.90%,and the bud damage rate is 25.11%.When the diameter of the rubber roller is 32mm,the gap between the rubber rollers have a significant effect on the missed harvest rate of camellia fruit.