锥面导流式大豆高速精量排种器设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Cone Diversion Type Soybean High Speed Precision Metering Device

针对机械式大豆排种器高速作业时排种精度下降等问题,通过导流板结构增强种群运动速度与充填力,利用复式型孔的导槽主动引导待充种子完成充种,并在此基础上设计了一种锥面导流式排种器。对排种器关键结构参数进行设计和理论分析,借助EDEM离散元软件模拟了不同导流板型式、锥盘倾角、复式型孔开口左端边缘结构对种群运动状态和排种性能的影响,并通过二次正交旋转组合试验获得复式型孔结构参数的最优组合,即型孔右端面开口倾角59.9°、型孔右端面高度5.6mm、型孔底部长度17.2mm。台架试验结果表明:排种器在作业速度为6~12km/h时,排种合格率均在98%以上。研究结果有助于提高机械式排种器的高速作业性能,可为机械式高速精量排种器的设计提供参考。

Aming at the problems of mechanical soybean metering device cause the drop of accuracy when it works at high speed,a cone diversion type seed metering device was designed,which using guide plate structure to enhance the seeds mobility and filling pressure,and using the guide groove of the compound hole to guide the seeds to be filled.The key structural parameters were designed and analyzed theoretically,and the effects of different guide plate type,cone angle and left edge structure of compound hole opening on seeds movement and seeding performance were simulated by EDEM;A secondary orthogonal rotation combination test was conducted targeting at the structure parameters of the compound hole and figured out the optimal parameter combination the opening angle of the right end face at 59.9 degrees,the height of the right end face at 5.6mm and the length of the bottom at 17.2mm.The results of bench test show that the qualified rate of seed metering device is more than 98%,when the working speed is 6-112km/h.This research is helpful to improve the high-speed performance of mechanical seed metering device,and could provide reference for the design of mechanical high-speed precision seed metering device.