基于“经济、美观、实用”视角的传统村落景观评价研究——以张谷英村为例

Study on the Evaluation of Traditional Village Landscape Based on the Perspective of"Economy,Aesthetics and Practicality"——Taking Zhangguying Village as an Example

以岳阳市张谷英村为研究对象,基于“经济、美观、实用”视角,运用“生产、生活、生态”三生空间,建立了张谷英村景观评价体系,计算景观因子的权重,通过定性与定量的方式对各指标因子进行评定,最终对张谷英村景观进行了评价,通过分析得出以下成果和结论:建立以经济性、美观性、实用性为准则层,建筑经济性、道路街巷经济性、植被美观性、山体美观性、水系实用性、农田实用性等为指标层的张谷英村景观评价体系,体现对张谷英村景观经济性、美观性、实用性的研究;运用问卷调查法与层次分析法,确定各因子权重,通过排序反映张谷英村农田实用性、建筑实用性对传统村落景观的建设具有较大的影响,以及评价体系中对道路街巷实用性的重视有待加强。提出了张谷英村景观未来优化建议:塑造建筑风貌,建设具有汉族特色的传统村落;合理布局道路系统,打造道路景观;营造自然态环境景观。

This paper takes Zhangguying Village in Yueyang City as the research object,based on the perspective of"economy,beauty and practicality".The three-life space of"production,life,and ecology"is used to establish a landscape evaluation system for Zhangguying Village.The weight of landscape factors are calculated.Qualitative and quantitative analysis are used.The following results and conclusions are drawn through the analysis:a standard layer based on economy,aesthetics,and practicability is established.The construction as well as the roads and lanes should be economy;the vegetation and the landscape evaluation systems should be aesthetics;water systems and farmland should be practicability as the index layers to reflect the research on the landscape economy,aesthetics,and practicability of Zhangguying Village;The weight of each factor is determined,and the ranking reflects that Zhangguying Village's farmland practicability and architectural practicability have a greater impact on the construction of traditional village landscapes,and the importance of the practicality of roads and lanes in the evaluation systems needs to be strengthened;The optimization suggestions of Zhangguying Village landscape are as follows,shaping the architectural styles and building traditional villages with Han characteristics;rationally arranging the road systems to create road landscapes and creating natural environmental landscapes.