美国中小学国家安全教育的落实过程研究——基于夏威夷州的田野调查

A Research on the Implementation Process of National Security Education in American Primary and Secondary Schools of the United States——Fieldwork Based on Hawaii State

我国目前对于美国的国家安全教育停留在政策文本研究层面,缺乏对于其国家意志如何落实到中小学层面的立体式分析。在人种志的策略下,通过对美国夏威夷州的教育部和学区官员、中小学教师与学生、当地居民和学者等进行的一系列访谈与参与式的课堂观察,美国中小学国家安全教育的底层帝国逻辑得以展现:美国的国家安全教育形态是受其主权形态所决定;《社会研究》课程是其主要课程载体,但其他的直接与间接的课程形态比较丰富;精英学校与平民学校的相关课程设置存在较大差异;非政府机构及政府国家安全机构正积极地介入相关课程的建设。

Researches on U.S national security education(NSE)in China are limited in policy texts,While System analysis on whole procedure from federal ideology to practices in schools are still in the air.Under approach of ethnography,through interviewing officers of Education department,teachers and students in schools,residents and scholars in Hawaii State,with some participatory observation in classrooms,the underlying logic of NSE across federal,state,schools and students are demonstrated.The NSE in U.S is determined by its empire sovereignty,social study is the core curriculum supporting NSE,but some other direct and indirect curriculum are abundant.Elite education and mass education differ from each other a lot in related curriculum settings.Non-governmental Organizations and NSE departments are actively engaging in NSE curriculum development in schools.