化控措施下氮肥用量对玉米干物质积累、抗倒伏能力及产量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Dosage on Dry Matter Accumulation,Lodging Resistance,and Yield of Maize under Chemical Control Measures

为研究生长调节剂和氮肥用量对高密度栽培玉米干物质积累、抗倒伏能力及产量的影响,以京科968为试验材料,设置壮丰灵和玉黄金2个化控处理和0、120、200、280 kg/hm^(2)等4个氮肥水平共8个处理,研究玉米干物质积累、茎秆力学特征及产量的变化特征。结果表明,在喷施壮丰灵和玉黄金条件下,施氮肥均能够提高玉米干物质积累量和抗倒伏能力,在施氮量为200 kg/hm^(2)时,单株干物质积累量及花后干物质积累量达到最大;茎秆穿刺强度和弯折强度均随氮肥用量的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,在施氮量为200 kg/hm^(2)时,茎秆的弯折强度达到最大;产量在施氮量为200 kg/hm^(2)时分别比不施氮肥增加52.46%和40.31%;生长调节剂和氮肥对干物质积累及产量的影响没有互作效应。在玉米高密度栽培时,200 kg/hm^(2)施氮量下喷施壮丰灵和玉黄金2个化控处理,玉米干物质积累量显著增加,茎秆穿刺强度和弯折强度增加,能够实现抗倒增产的目的。

In order to study the effects of growth regulators and nitrogen fertilizer dosage on dry matter accumulation and lodging resistance of high-density cultivated maize,in this study,Jingke 968 was used as the experimental material,and 8 treatments including two chemical control treatments of Zhuangfengling and Yuhuangjin,and four nitrogen fertilizer levels of 0,120,200,280 kg/ha were set up.Dry matter accumulation,mechanical characteristics of stalk,and variation characteristics of yield were studied.The results showed that under the condition of spraying Zhuangfengling and Yuhuangjin,nitrogen fertilizer could improve dry matter accumulation and lodging resistance of maize,and dry matter accumulation of single plant and after flowering reached the maximum when the nitrogen fertilizer dosage was 200 kg/ha.The puncture strength and bending strength of stalk showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer dosage,the bending strength of stalk reached the maximum when the nitrogen fertilizer dosage was 200 kg/ha,and the two values at the dosage increased by 52.46%and 40.31%,respectively,compared with the treatment of no nitrogen fertilizer application.There was no interaction between the effects of growth regulators and nitrogen fertilizer on dry matter accumulation and yield.Therefore,in the high-density cultivation of maize,under the two chemical control treatments of spraying Zhuangfengling and Yuhuangjin at 200 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer,dry matter accumulation of maize significantly increased,and the puncture strength and bending strength of stalk increased,which could achieve the purpose of resisting lodging and increasing yield.