黄土高原乡村地域多功能演化与振兴路径研究

Research on the Multi-function Evolution and Revitalization Path of the Rural Areas in the Loess Plateau

以黄土高原地区为研究单元,构建了乡村地域多功能评价指标体系,并利用熵值法对1992-2017年黄土高原乡村多功能指数进行综合评价,揭示黄土高原乡村地域多功能的空间分异特征,划分乡村地域多功能区.结果表明:①1992-2017年,研究区乡村地域多功能指数呈增强态势,空间差异明显;②乡村多功能演化速度逐渐加快,2005-2017年乡村多功能指数平均增长值达到1992-2005年乡村多功能指数平均增长值的2.5倍;③将研究区划分为强综合型、弱综合型、单项功能主导型和双项功能叠加型等4大类10亚类,并对各功能类型提出针对性的发展策略;④强综合型应加强乡村多功能协调,促进城乡融合发展;弱综合型应合理规划,加强基础设施建设,打造优势功能;单项功能主导型应强化优势功能,以点带面,实现全面发展;双项功能叠加型应建立双项功能协同机制,实现功能融合发展.

Rural revitalization is the main way to carry on the work on“agriculture,rural areas and farmers”in the new era.This study takes the Loess Plateau area as the research region,constructs a rural multi-functional evaluation index system,uses the entropy method to comprehensively evaluate the rural multi-functional indicators from 1992 to 2017,in order to reveal the spatial differentiation characteristics of rural areas.The results show that:①From 1992 to 2017,the multi-functional index of rural areas in the study area continued to increase,and the spatial difference was obvious.②The rate of evolution of rural multi-functionality in the study area after 2005 was much faster than that of before 2005,and the average growth value of the rural multi-functional index after 2005 had reached to 2.5 times of the previous.③The research area was divided into 4 categories and 10 sub-categories of strong comprehensive,weak comprehensive,single-function-oriented and dual-function superimposed type.Targeted development strategies for each function type were proposed.④The strongly integrated counties should strengthen the coordination of rural multi-functions,promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas,and realize the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas.The weakly integrated type should reasonably construct the plan,strengthen infrastructure construction,strengthen ecological environment protection,and create advantageous functions.Single-function-dominant counties should strengthen their superior functions,achieve high-quality and comprehensive development.Counties with overlapping dual functions should strengthen the synergy of dual functions to achieve functional integration and development.