单半径假体全膝关节置换术治疗创伤性膝关节炎患者效果及对膝关节功能改善作用研究

Study on the effect of single-radius prosthesis total knee arthroplasty in the treatment of patients with traumatic knee arthritis and the improvement of knee joint function

目的探讨单半径假体全膝关节置换术(TKA)治疗创伤性膝关节炎患者的效果及对膝关节功能的改善作用。方法选取自2019年4月至2020年4月收治的124例创伤性膝关节炎患者为研究对象,按手术方法分为单髁置换术(UKA)组(n=62)与TKA组(n=62)。观察并比较两组患者的疗效,且对两组患者治疗前、后的视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)、特种外科医院膝关节评分(HSS)、骨关节炎指数评分(WOMAC)、膝关节屈曲角度、膝关节功能评分(KSS),以及并发症发生情况予以评估。结果TKA组患者的治疗总有效率显著高于UKA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的VAS评分、HSS评分均较治疗前改善;治疗后,TKA组患者VAS评分显著低于UKA组,HSS评分显著高于UKA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者膝关节VAS评分、WOMAC评分、膝关节屈曲角度及KSS评分均较治疗前显著改善;治疗后,TKA组患者膝关节VAS评分及WOMAC评分显著低于UKA组,而膝关节屈曲角度及KSS评分显著高于UKA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TKA组患者术后并发症发生率显著低于UKA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相较于UKA治疗创伤性膝关节炎患者,单半径假体TKA临床疗效更显著,可改善患者膝关节功能,减轻疼痛程度和骨关节炎指数,提升膝关节屈曲角度,且并发症发生率较低,安全性高。

Objective To explore the effect of single-radius prosthesis total knee arthroplasty(TKA)in the treatment of patients with traumatic knee arthritis and the improvement of knee joint function.Methods A total of 124 patients with traumatic knee arthritis who underwent surgical treatment from April 2019 to April 2020 as the research object.They were divided into the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)group and the TKA group according to the surgical method.The curative effect of the two groups of patient was observed and compared,and the visual analogue scale(VAS)score,hospital for special surgery knee score(HSS)score,knee VAS score,the western Ontario and McMasteruniversities osteoarthritis index(WOMAC)score,knee flexion angle,knee function and incidence of adverse complications were evaluated before and after treatment.Results The total effective rate of the TKA group was significantly higher than the UKA group(P<0.05);after treatment,the VAS score and HSS score of the two groups were similar significantly improved compared to both(P<0.05),and the VAS score of the TKA group was significantly lower than that of the UKA group after treatment,while the HSS score was significantly higher than that of the UKA group(P<0.05);the knee VAS of the two groups of patients after treatment The score,WOMAC score,knee flexion angle,and KSS score were significantly improved compared to before treatment(P<0.05).After treatment,the knee VAS score and WOMAC score of the TKA group were significantly lower than those of the UKA group.The angle of flexion and KSS score were significantly higher than those of the UKA group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse complications in the TKA group after treatment with single-radius prosthesis TKA was significantly lower than that in the UKA group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with unicondylar replacement in the treatment of patients with traumatic knee arthritis,the treatment effect of single-radius prosthesis TKA is more significant,which can effectively enhance the clinical curative effect of patients,improve their knee joint function,and reduce their pain and osteoarthritis Index,improve the angle of knee flexion,and have a low incidence of adverse complications,high safety,and it is worthy of promotion.