2009—2020年浙江省台州市吸毒人群丙型肝炎感染状况及影响因素分析

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus and risk factors among drug users in Taizhou City of Zhejiang Province,2009-2020

【目的】了解浙江省台州市吸毒人群丙型病毒性肝炎(丙肝)的感染状况,分析其变化趋势及丙肝病毒(HCV)感染相关影响因素。【方法】2009—2020年,每年4—8月在台州市吸毒人群监测哨点中随机抽取新纳入监测的400名吸毒者进行横断面研究。通过问卷调查,收集一般人口学、艾滋病相关知识、接受干预服务情况、毒品使用以及性行为相关情况等信息;同时采集其血液标本进行HCV抗体检测,以了解其感染状况。采用χ^(2)检验及多因素logistic回归分析HCV抗体阳性的危险因素。【结果】2009—2020年,共纳入5 042名吸毒者,HCV抗体总阳性率为22.7%。其中,2009—2019年HCV抗体阳性率由34.9%下降至8.8%,呈明显下降趋势(χ^(2)=221.025,P<0.001),但是,2019—2020年HCV抗体阳性率为12.7%。多因素logistic回归分析的结果显示:年龄≥25岁、同居、吸食传统或混合型毒品、曾注射过毒品和共用针具是HCV感染的危险因素。【结论】自2009年以来,台州市吸毒人群HCV感染率总体呈下降趋势,但在2020年略有上升。须针对吸毒人群丙肝感染情况继续监测,并结合相关影响因素加强综合防治。

[Objective]To determine the prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection and identify the underlying risk factors among drug users in Taizhou City of Zhejiang Province during 2009-2020.[Methods]A consecutive cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 400 drug users in correctional settings were randomly selected from April to August. The drug users were interviewed with a questionnaire to collect demographic characteristics,AIDS-related knowledge,detoxification service,drug use,and sexual behavior. Blood samples were then collected for anti-HCV antibody testing. Chi-square test and multivariate conditional logistic regression were used.[Results]A total of 5 042 drug users were included in this study. Seroprevalence of HCV was determined to be 22.7%. From 2009 to 2019,the seroprevalence showed a significant downward trend,from 34.9% to 8.8%(χ^(2)=221.025,P<0.001). However,in 2020,the seroprevalence was 12.7%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that senior age(≥25 years old),cohabitation,taking traditional or mixed drugs,injection drug use,and needle sharing were risk factors associated with HCV seroprevalence.[Conclusion]Since 2009,HCV seroprevalence among drug users in Taizhou City has shown a downward trend,however,it has increased slightly in 2020. It warrants strengthening prevention and treatment measures in response to risk factors related to HCV infection among drug users.