立法过程中的政法互动——以“共同富裕”立法为例

Interaction between Politics and Law in the Legislative Process

共同富裕不仅需要在政策上予以肯定,更要贯彻在法治的全过程中。“共同富裕”目前已经进入判决书中,但由于中国的司法过程无法进行法律解释,法官对共同富裕的援引仅仅具有修辞的效果,无法真正影响裁判的结果,因此探讨共同富裕的法治保障首先要从立法领域展开,通过立法、修法等过程将共同富裕从政策转变为切实可行的法律规定。本文以2021年来的立法为分析对象,关注作为政策话语的共同富裕如何进入立法之中,进而揭示出政策与立法的互动关系:一方面,共同富裕是立法规划中的重要选题,也是立法准备中的重要考虑因素,无论在中央法规还是在地方法规层面,共同富裕都密集进入各种法律文本之中;另一方面,立法在吸纳共同富裕的政策话语时,不是毫无选择的简单复制,而是经过了法律语言的加工和再创造。法律文本中共同富裕的含义被重新界定,由此在政策与法律之间维持了一种政法互动,这种互动也是中国特色社会主义政法体制的重要组成部分。

Common prosperity needs to be affirmed not only in policy,but also in the whole process of rule of law.“Common prosperity”has entered the judgment at present,but because the judicial process in China can't be legally explained,the judge’s quotation of common prosperity has only rhetorical effect,which can't really affect the result of judgment.Therefore,to discuss the legal protection of common prosperity,we should first start from the legislative field,and change common prosperity from policy to practical legal provisions through legislation and law amendment.Taking the legislation since 2021 as the analysis object,this paper pays attention to how common prosperity,as a policy discourse,enters the legislation,and then reveals the interactive relationship between policy and legislation:on one hand,common prosperity is an important topic in legislative planning and an important consideration in legislative preparation,and common prosperity has intensively entered all kinds of legal texts,whether at the level of central regulations or local regulations;on the other hand,when legislation absorbs the policy discourse of common prosperity,it is not a simple copy without any choice,but a process and re-creation of legal language.The meaning and effect of common prosperity in the legal text are redefined,thus maintaining a political and legal interaction between policies and laws,which is also an important part of the political and legal system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.