“武夷风月”为衣钵——湛若水与洪垣师徒之交考析

“Wuyi Wind and Moon”as the Mantle:On the Relationship Between Zhan Ruoshui and Hong Yuan

湛若水与弟子洪垣情深谊长,传之以衣钵。1541年,洪垣离开岭南赴任之际,老师湛若水作诗以“武夷风月”传之,云“千古此明月,万古此清风。风来无迹,月去无踪……武夷风月匪衣钵,以付洪子得其宗”。以“武夷风月”作为衣钵传承的象征,透射出湛若水“万物皆一气贯之”思想的微妙之处。据已有文献资料来推测,湛若水与洪垣确立亲密的师徒关系是在1538年前后。湛若水门下弟子众多,他选择将衣钵传给弟子洪垣,在于师徒二人以心印心的默契、学问思想上的共鸣,以及发自肺腑的真挚情谊。

Zhan Ruoshui has a profound friendship with his disciple Hong Yuan who inherited his life philosophy and mantle.In 1541,when Hong Yuan left Lingnan for his post,Zhan Ruoshui wrote a poem to pass down his mantle in the form of“Wuyi Wind and Moon”,saying that“this bright moon is eternal,and this breeze is eternal;the wind comes,and the moon goes,with little traces...Wuyi Wind and Moon,is intangible symbolic mantle,for Hongzi to get the inheritance”.Taking“Wuyi Wind and Moon”as the symbol of inheritance,it reflects the subtlety of Zhan Ruoshui’s thought of“all things in one breath”.According to the existing literature,it is speculated that the close relationship between Zhan Ruoshui and Hong Yuan was established around 1538.Among his many disciples,Zhan Ruoshui chose Hong Yuan as his inheritor because of their tacit understanding,resonance in knowledge and thought,and sincere friendship.