经济发展与环境规制双重作用下长江经济带水污染治理研究

Water pollution control in the Yangtze River Economic Belt under the interaction of economic development and environmental regulation

经济增长与水污染治理的协调发展是当今绿色发展背景下的重中之重。以2000—2020年长江经济带11省(直辖市)的面板数据为例,运用门槛效应模型将长江经济带划分为经济发达、较发达、欠发达3部分地区,运用广义最小二乘法(FGLS)建立水污染治理效果模型,分析了能否在环境规制下同步实现地区经济高质量发展与水污染治理。结果表明:在前期追求经济发展的情况下长江经济带各地区仅考虑自身发展需求难以有效开展水污染治理;在环境规制的作用下,经济发达地区与经济欠发达地区能够加大对于水污染治理的投入,而经济较发达地区却无法达到环境规制的要求;在环境规制与追求经济增长的双重作用下水污染治理效果在经济发达地区最为显著,经济欠发达地区次之,经济较发达地区不显著。研究结果能够为制定流域经济发展与环境规制双重作用下水污染治理差异化策略提供借鉴。

The coordinated development of economic growth and water pollution control is the top priority under the current green development.The paper takes the panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2020 as an example,the threshold effect model is used to calculate the threshold of the Yangtze River Economic Zone is divided into three parts:economically developed,relatively developed and less developed,and then the generalized least squares model is used to establish the water pollution control effect model,whether the high-quality development of regional economy and water pollution control can be carried out simultaneously under environmental regulation is analyzed.The results show that:in the case of pursuing economic development in the early stage,it is difficult for all regions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt to effectively control water pollution only by relying on their own ideas.Economically developed areas and economically underdeveloped areas can increase investment in water pollution control,while economically developed areas can not meet the requirements of environmental regulation.The interaction of environmental regulation and economic growth is positive for water pollution control.Under the interaction,the effect of water pollution control is the most significant in economically developed areas,followed by less developed,less developed economy.Therefore,in the areas with serious pollution but developed economy,where strict environmental regulation is adopted,but the investment trend of water pollution control is obviously increased,loose environmental regulation should be adopted and accompanied by some financial subsidies,only in this way can we achieve the win-win goal of economic growth and water pollution control.