关于元代农牧业政策及其相关领域研究述评

A Review of the Yuan Dynasty Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Policies and Research in Relevant Fields

1949年以来,元史学界和科技史学界在元代科学技术发展史研究方面进行了大量的学术积累。本文针对元代农牧业政策及其相关领域的社会生产发展状况的成果进行梳理,认为七十年来随着学界对元代农牧业、水利、酿酒、棉纺织技术、饮食技术、生态环境等各方面深入研究,对元代科学技术发展水平的认知发生了一个巨大的转型,逐渐从元代“落后、倒退”的学术印象,回归到一种更为客观与理性的位置。

Since 1949,historiography on the Yuan dynasty and its science and technology has witnessed continuous progress in the research of the history of science and technology during the dynasty.This paper sorts out agriculture and animal husbandry policies in the Yuan period and the achievements in the development of social production in relevant fields.It argues that in-depth studies on Yuan dynasty agriculture and animal husbandry,water conservancy,winemaking,cotton textile technology,food technology,ecological environment and other aspects has changed our cognition of the level of science and technology development in the Yuan dynasty.The academic impression of the dynasty has gradually changed from that of“backwardness and regression”to a more objective and rational appreciation.