行政审批制度改革的路径选择——基于30个省会及以上城市的定性比较分析

The Path Selection of the Reform of the Administrative Approval System: Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on 30 Provincial Capital Cities and Above

行政审批制度改革是转变政府职能、深化行政体制改革和推动政府治理现代化的重要抓手。现有关于行政审批制度改革路径的研究忽视了改革路径的组合与改革情境的适配。文章参考TOE分析框架,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法,以我国30个省会及以上城市为对象,研究行政审批制度改革的路径选择。结果表明:单一条件并不能构成行政审批制度有效改革的必要条件,驱动有效改革的路径包括组织结构调整型、复合压力驱动型、府际竞争驱动—技术赋能及法律规制型、府际竞争及上级支持驱动—技术赋能型、府际竞争及上级支持驱动—技术赋能及组织调整型五类。另外,是否调整组织结构需要匹配地方具体情境,法律规制的作用在不同地区及改革阶段表现出差异,存在弱市场压力下的改革促进机制。通过探讨具体情境下行政审批制度改革的可能路径,总结相关经验,能够为地方政府未来深化改革提供参考。

The reform of the administrative approval system is the key to transform government functions, deepen administrative reform and promote government governance modernization. The existing research on the reform paths of the administrative approval system neglects the combination of the reform path and the adaptation of the reform situation. Referring to the TOE analysis framework and using the method of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA), this paper takes 30 provincial capitals and above in China as the research objects to research the path choice of the reform of the administrative approval system. The results show that: a single condition cannot constitute a necessary condition for the effective reform of the administrative approval system, and the driving paths of effective reform include five types: the organizational structure adjustment type, compound pressure type, driven by intergovernmental competition-technology empowerment and legal regulation type, driven by intergovernmental competition and superior support-technology empowerment type, driven by intergovernmental competition and superior support-technology empowerment and organizational adjustment type. In addition, whether the organizational structure needs should be adjusted to match the local specific situation. The role of legal regulation means is different in different regions and reform stages. There is a reform promotion mechanism under weak market pressure. By exploring the possible paths of the reform of the administrative approval system in the specific situation and summarizing relevant experience, it can provide reference for the future deepening reform of local government.