政策计量视角下破除“唯论文”政策扩散的特征分析

A Quantitative Study on Diffusion of Policies for Overcoming the Orientations of Papers Only

[目的/意义]探究破除“唯论文”政策扩散的特征,揭示相关政策的发展历程、现状和趋势,为我国科教评价政策的布局、优化、实施与评估提供一定的理论参考。[方法/过程]基于中央、部门和地方三个层级的359份政策文本,运用统计分析和文本挖掘方法对破除“唯论文”政策的时空演进、发文机构及主题内容进行分析,总结政策在不同层级间的主题扩散特征,研判政策发展趋向。[结果/结论]破除“唯论文”政策在地方层级的扩散效果显著。中央、部门和地方的政策主题内容具有较高相似度,各层级主题在延续了上一层级主题的基础上又有所拓新。破除“唯论文”政策主要有5个趋向:科技创新与强国建设是破除“唯论文”政策的最终目标;人才评价与职称评定是破除“唯论文”政策的核心问题;教师发展与师资队伍建设是破除“唯论文”政策的关键着力点;科研诚信与道德建设是破除“唯论文”政策的根本要求;科技成果转化与科研经费管理是破除“唯论文”政策的拓展延伸。

[Purpose/significance]This study explores the characteristics of diffusion of policies for overcoming the orienta-tions of papers only and reveals the development process,current situation and trend of relevant policies,which provides references for the layout,optimization,implementation and assessment of S&T and education evaluation policies in China.[Method/process]Based on 359 policy texts at the central,departmental and local levels,this study uses statistical analysis and text-mining method to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution,issuing institution and theme content of the policies for overcoming the orien-tation of papers only.It not only summarizes the diffusion characteristics of the policy theme between different levels but analyzes the trend of development.[Result/conclusion]It has a significant effect on the diffusion of policies for overcoming the orientations of papers only at local levels.Central,departmental and local policies have high similarity at the themes.Themes at each level echo those at the previous level,while expanding to create new themes.There are five main trends of policies for overcoming the orienta-tions of papers only:the ultimate goals are the technical innovation and the construction of a powerful country;the core problems are talent evaluation and professional title appraisal;the key points are the development and the construction of teachers;the fun-damental requirements are scientific research integrity and moral construction;the extensions are the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the management of scientific research funds.