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象形与会意:晚清民国邮旗的演变及文化解读

Pictorial and Metaphorical:The Evolution and Cultural Interpretation of Postal Flags in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China Period
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摘要 晚清民国邮旗的出现,是近代中国邮政事业发展的一个缩影。邮旗既是文化符号,具有特定的文化解读内涵。邮旗还是政治符号,具有强烈的政治象征与民族主义意向。晚清民国时期的邮旗,其内涵由象形走向会意,是情感与价值观的同义表达。按照历史的演进,先后出现了晚清时期的“五彩龙旗”邮旗、民国北京政府的“飞雁邮旗”、南京国民政府的“日戳邮旗”,邮徽也随之而产生。邮旗样式经历了由国旗代替、国旗与邮旗融合、邮旗独立的过程,邮政的发展进一步大众化、规范化,反映出时代变迁对邮旗样式的影响。在特定的历史条件下,“黄龙”“飞雁”“?”都是邮旗的可感载体,夹杂着外来文化的影响,把复杂的内涵形象化,体现出邮政本意所具有的实用价值与象征意义。邮旗也是国家主权的表现内容,其组成因素不仅蕴含着丰富的文化表达与文化认同,还具有特定的政治含义与政治资源。 The emergence of postal flags in the late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China period is a microcosm of the development of modern China’s postal industry.The postal flag is not only a cultural symbol with a specific connotation,but also a political symbol with strong nationalist content.The postal flags of the late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China changed their connotations from being pictorial to being metaphorical,and became synonymous expressions of emotion and values.According to the evolution process,the postal flags appeared successively including“Five-Colored Dragon Flag”in the late Qing dynasty,the“Flying Geese Postal Flag”of the Beijing government of the Republic of China,and the“Date Stamp Postal Flag”of the Nanjing national government,and the postal emblem also came into being.The style of the postal flag has gone through the process of being replaced by the national flag,integrating with the national flag and becoming exclusive.Under certain historical conditions,patterns of yellow dragon,flying geese and“?”are all sensible carriers of the postal flag.They are the visualization of complex connotations,together with the influence of foreign culture,and reflect the practical value and symbolism of the original intention of the postal service.The postal flag is also an expression of national sovereignty,and its constituent elements not only contain rich cultural expressions and cultural identity,but also have specific political meanings and political resources.
作者 王占西 Wang Zhanxi
出处 《中国国家博物馆馆刊》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第4期93-102,共10页 Journal of National Museum of China
基金 郑州师范学院2021年校级科研项目“近代中国铁路警政研究”(项目编号:2020022) 暨郑州师范学院2022年本科教学质量工程与教育教学改革研究项目“百年党史融入中国近现代史纲要课程研究”(项目编号:SZKJXYJ-211463)阶段性成果。
关键词 晚清民国 邮旗 文化 政治 Late Qing dynasty and Republic of China post flag culture politics

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