昆虫共生微生物在病虫害防治的研究进展

Research progress on microbial symbionts against pest and disease

昆虫体内的共生微生物是一大类生物群体,包括细菌、真菌、病毒及一些小型原生生物,它们广泛分布于昆虫体内,具有参与昆虫体内合成氨基酸、维生素等小分子营养物质,分解纤维素等大分子化合物,以及降解杀虫剂和植物次生代谢物等作用。此外,也能间接调控宿主生物的免疫系统,从而阻断病原体的复制和传播。因此,在害虫防治和控制虫媒病毒传播等方面具有应用潜力。该文综述昆虫共生微生物在病虫害防治方面的最新研究进展,探讨其生物学功能、与宿主的作用机制、宿主对病原微生物的适应机制以及在病虫害防治中应用等方面的研究进展,并对未来发展趋势及在害虫防治方面的应用前景进行展望。

Symbiotic microorganisms,such as bacteria,fungi,viruses,and some small protists,are widely distributed in insects.They can provide nutritions by synthesizing small molecules(e.g.amino acids and vitamins),decompose cellulose,and degrade pesticides and phytotoxins.Furthermore,symbiotic microorganisms can also indirectly regulate the host immune reaction to block the pathogens replication and proliferation.Thus,symbiotic microorganisms have potential power for the pest control.This review advances in the biological function and functional mechanisms of insect symbiotic microorganisms.We discuss the interactions between insect vectors and symbiotic microorganisms and the potential application in pest control.