地方创制性立法的动力机制及路径选择——基于公共资源交易立法实践调研

The Dynamic Mechanism and Path Selection of Local Creative Legislation——Based on the Research on the Legislative Practice of Public Resource Transaction

地方创制性立法是指具有立法权的地方立法主体为了应对行政、市场或其他需求而通过立法来创造性制定的法规,体现为立法上的放权。地方立法中立法过度和立法不足问题并存,但从总体上看立法不足。在全面深化改革的治理实践中,需要从立法需求、立法动力、立法困难和实现路径几个层次深入探究地方创制性立法。公共资源交易作为公共部门与其他市场主体连接的桥梁,是深化“放管服”改革的重要一环,也是优化营商环境的重要内容,以公共资源交易为例来解析创制性立法具有典型性和代表性。分析发现,监督管理、实践运行、前沿问题和地方竞争等都会强化地方创制性立法的欲望,但在实践中要做到法制统一、导向明确、深入调研和注重协调才能推进科学、高效立法。

Local creative legislation refers to the creative legislation formulated by local legislative subjects in response to administrative,market or other demands,which is embodied in decentralization of legislation.There exist problems such as excessive and insufficient legislation,but in the whole,the legislation is insufficient.In the governance practice of comprehensively deepening reform,it is necessary to probe into local creative legislation from the aspects of legislative demand,legislative power,legislative difficulties and realization path etc.As a bridge between the public sector and other market subjects,public resource transaction is not only an important part of deepening the reform of“delegating power,improving regulation,and upgrading services”,but also an important content of optimizing the business environment.With public resource transaction as a case to analyze the typicality and representativeness of creative legislation,it is found that the supervision and management,practical operation,cutting-edge problems and local competition will strengthen the desire of local creative legislation;however,in practice,having a unified legal system,clear guidance,and in-depth research and coordination can promote scientific and efficient legislation.