功能性构音障碍患儿社会生活能力与神经心理发育水平的相关性分析

Analysis of the correlation between social living ability and neuropsychological development level in children with functional articulation disorders

目的分析功能性构音障碍(FAD)患儿社会生活能力和神经心理发育水平的发展状况及其相关性。方法选择2020年6月至2021年5月厦门大学附属妇女儿童医院收治的FAD患儿87例,年龄(4.38±0.47)岁。分别采用《婴儿-初中学生社会生活能力量表》和《0-6岁小儿神经心理发育检查表》对患儿的社会生活能力和神经心理发育水平进行评估。采用Pearson相关分析探讨两量表中各项目得分的相关性。结果87例FAD患儿的社会生活能力总体水平和各项能力分级以正常为主,其中边缘及缺陷占比前3名分别为交往(27/87,31.03%)、自我管理(25/87,28.74%)、作业(18/87,20.69%)。在神经心理发育方面,87例FAD患儿精细动作以临界、低下占比较高,分别达31.03%和32.19%。语言、适应能力和社交行为的临界及低下的占比分别达52.87%(46/87)、49.43%(43/87)和48.28%(42/87)。大运动则以正常占比较高(75.86%,66/87)。精细动作、适应能力和语言的发育商(DQ)平均值均低于86,属于偏低水平。Pearson相关分析结果显示,社会生活能力总得分与大运动水平呈负相关(P<0.05),与精细动作、适应能力、语言、社交行为和总DQ均呈正相关(P<0.05)。在各项生活能力评估中,以独立生活项目与神经心理发育水平相关性最为显著(精细动作:r=0.657;适应能力:r=0.642;语言:r=0.709;社交行为:r=0.861;总DQ:r=0.831)。结论FAD患儿不仅在构音方面出现问题,其社会生活能力和神经心理发育水平也受到影响,且社会生活能力与神经心理发育水平存在密切关系,需引起关注。

Objective To analyze the development status of social living ability and neuropsychological development level in children with functional articulation disorders(FAD)and their correlation.Methods A total of 87 FAD children who were admitted to Women′s and Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from June 2020 to May 2021 were selected,with average age of(4.38±0.47)years.The“Infant-Junior High School Students′Social Living Ability Scale”and the“0-6 Years Old Children′s Neuropsychological Development Checklist”were used to evaluate the children′s social living ability and neuropsychological development level,respectively.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between the scores of each item in the two scales.Results The overall level of social living ability and various ability grades of the 87 FAD children were mainly normal,and the top three marginal and defect proportions were communication(27/87,31.03%),self-direction(25/87,28.74%),occupation(18/87,20.69%).In terms of neuropsychological development,the proportions of critical and low fine motors were relatively high in the 87 FAD children,reaching 31.03%and 32.19%,respectively.The critical and low proportions of language,adaptability and social behavior were 52.87%(46/87),49.43%(43/87)and 48.28%(42/87),respectively.For gross motor,the proportion of normality was relatively high(75.86%,66/87).The average developmental quotients(DQ)of fine motor,adaptability and language were all below 86,which belonged to a low level.The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of social living ability was negatively correlated with gross motor level(P<0.05),and positively correlated with fine motor,adaptive ability,language,social behavior and total DQ(P<0.05).In the evaluation of various living abilities,the correlation between independent living items and neuropsychological development level was the most significant(fine motor:r=0.657;adaptive ability:r=0.642;language:r=0.709;social behavior:r=0.861;total DQ:r=0.831).Conclusion Children with FAD not only have problems in articulation,but also their social living ability and neuropsychological development level are affected,and there is a close relationship between social living ability and neuropsychological development level,which needs to be paid attention to.