论听证在行政应急征用中的适用

On the Application of Hearing in Administrative Emergency Requisition

听证是行政相对人表达意见、进行质证和抗辩的重要行政程序,有利于行政机关认定事实、保护行政相对人的合法权益。而突发事件中的征用行为与常态的征用行为比较而言,由于时间的紧迫性决定了其具有应急征用权的扩张性、应急征用程序的简化性等特征,容易造成对行政相对人合法权益的侵害。我国现阶段将听证的适用排除在紧急情况之外,但基于听证制度的特征和目的,将其引入行政应急征用中可以克服行政应急征用制度本身的弱点。因此,本文在对听证引入行政应急征用中的必要性和可行性进行分析的基础上,认为构建我国行政应急征用听证制度的路径选择应包括在立法中明确听证在行政应急征用中的适用、完善行政应急征用听证程序、增强行政应急征用机关和行政相对人的听证意识。

Hearing is an important administrative procedure for the administrative counterpart to express opinions,cross examine and defend.It is conducive to the administrative organ to determine the facts and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the administrative counterpart.Compared with the normal expropriation behavior,the expropriation behavior in emergencies has the characteristics of expansibility of emergency expropriation right and simplification of emergency expropriation procedure due to the urgency of time,which is easy to infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of the administrative counterpart.At present,China excludes the application of hearing from emergencies,but based on the characteristics and purpose of hearing system,introducing it into administrative emergency expropriation can overcome the weakness of administrative emergency expropriation system itself.Therefore,based on the analysis of the necessity and feasibility of the introduction of hearing into administrative emergency expropriation,this paper believes that the path choice of constructing China’s administrative emergency expropriation hearing system should include clarifying the application of hearing in administrative emergency expropriation in legislation,perfecting the hearing procedure of administrative emergency expropriation,and strengthening the hearing consciousness of administrative emergency expropriation organs and administrative counterparts.