树枝形立体停车库立柱结构优化设计与仿真计算

DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF COLUMN STRUCTURE OF TREE SHAPED PARKING GARAGE

对树形立体停车库的立柱进行结构设计及优化。以占地投影分别为长2.4 m、宽0.7 m和高8.5 m为设计基础尺寸。立柱简化模型同时考虑各部件总重F;引起的轴向应力,以及悬挂的载车板和车辆共同引起的弯曲应力的影响,最大应力容易发生在立柱根部,计算结果为63.06 MPa,小于许用应力117.5 MPa,顶部最大挠度位移为8.93 mm,远小于规范值113.90 mm。在满足强度和挠度位移的要求下,利用惩罚函数法对立柱主支撑进行尺寸优化,对优化后的模型进行实测与软件分析对比。同一工况下,利用测试仪器采集立柱根部应力变化数据与软件分析相比较,相同位置处的应力,实测与模拟分析结果偏差10%以内。通过有限元分析与实际应力测试相结合的方法对立柱结构进行了设计与分析并利用混合罚函数法进行优化,对比分析结果证明了该方法的有效性,为该类项目的分析提供一定的手段和参考。

In this paper, the structure design and optimization of the column of the tree-shaped parking garage are carried out. The base dimensions are 2.4 m、0.7 m and 8.5 m respectively. The simplified model of column takes into account the axial stress caused by the total weight F;of each component and the bending stress caused by the suspended loading plate and the vehicle. The maximum stress is easy to occur at the root of the column. The calculated results are 63.06 MPa, less than allowable stress 117.5 MPa, maximum deflection 8.93 mm, much less than standard value 113.90 mm. In order to meet the requirements of strength and deflection displacement, the penalty function method is used to optimize the size of the main support of the column, and the optimized model is measured and compared with the software analysis. Under the same working condition, the stress change data at the root of the column are collected by the test instrument and compared with the software analysis. The stress at the same position is less than 10% of the deviation between the measured and the simulated analysis results. The design and analysis of column structure are carried out by combining finite element analysis with actual stress test, and the mixed penalty function method is used to optimize the column structure. The results show that the method is effective. It provides some means and reference for the analysis of this kind of project.