胶体量子点的光电特性及应用

Photoelectric Properties and Applications of Colloidal Quantum Dots

胶体量子点因其制备成本低,工艺简单,量子效应显著,可通过旋涂或喷涂的方式应用于各种材料和形状的表面,获得了广泛的关注。目前,胶体量子点在荧光编码、生物荧光标记、太阳能电池、发光二极管、光电探测等多个领域均有较好的应用前景和巨大的发展潜力。随着纳米技术的不断发展,科研人员对胶体量子点的研究也从单一量子点研究转向核壳结构或多元结构,激发光谱也从可见光扩展到红外波段。从胶体量子点的特征、制备方法和光电特性等角度进行讨论,旨在为该类材料的开发和应用提供理论和实验参考。

Colloidal quantum dots(QDs)have attracted extensive attention due to their low preparation cost,simple process,significant quantum effect,and the application to almost all kinds of surfaces and shapes by methods of spin coating and spraying.At present,colloidal QDs have a very wide application prospect and great development potential in the fields of bioluminescent labeling,fluorescence coding,solar cells,light-emitting diodes,infrared detection and so on.With the continuous development of technology,the research orientation of colloidal QDs has also shifted from single quantum dots to core-shell structure or multidimensional structure,and the emitting spectrum has also expanded from visible light to infrared bands.In this paper,the characteristics,preparation methods and photoelectric properties of colloidal quantum dots are discussed,aiming to provide theoretical and experimental references for the development and application of colloidal quantum dots.