高校学生家庭经济困难等级认定的层次模型定量化探究

A Quantitative Research on the Grading Scaling Mechanism for Students from Disadvantaged Backgrounds in Colleges

家庭经济困难学生等级认定一直是各高校落实精准资助学生完成学业的重要工作,但目前常见的等级认定程序还属于定性方式。由于不同评定人员的心理认知会造成不同的评定结果,这些结果之间往往存在一定的偏差。为了降低偏差率,通过引入层次分析法(AHP),厘定目标层、基准层、方案层,然后运用两两对比将各因素之间的关系进行透彻、清楚的分析,计算出各控制因素权重值后,最终构建出家庭经济困难学生等级层次结构模型,实现客观信息同主观信息相统一。在已构建的层次结构模型中,采用二态(0,1)对方案变量进行赋值,示例中可快速计算出各学生家庭经济困难的分值并进行直观排序,能有效地将以往定性评价变为定量评价。故将AHP法运用在高校家庭经济困难学生等级认定中,是有效可行的,可大大提高家庭经济困难学生等级评定的有效性和可靠性。

It has always been an important task for colleges and universities to provide financial aid to students from disadvantaged backgrounds.However,the current grading recognition criteria are still qualitative-based,so grading results vary among different evaluators,and there are often some deviations in the grading results.In order to reduce the deviations,this paper introduces the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to determine the target level,benchmark level and scheme level.Then,pairwise comparison is used to analyze the relationship between the factors,and the values of each control factor calculated.Finally,a grading mechanism of recognizing students from disadvantaged backgrounds is built,which considering both objective and subjective factors in the recognition process.The two-state(0,1)is used to assign values to the variables in the model.The scores for each student can be quickly calculated and the grading scale intuitively sorted based on quantitative evaluation,which is different from the previous qualitative evaluation mechanisms.Therefore,it is effective and feasible to apply the AHP method to grade college students from disadvantaged backgrounds.It can greatly improve the validity and reliability of the grading recognition mechanism.