厦漳泉地区气溶胶污染特征及影响因素分析

Characteristics and Analysis of Influencing Factors of Aerosol Pollution over Xiamen,Zhangzhou and Quanzhou Region

利用卫星Terra和Aqua上搭载的中分辨率成像光谱仪(moderate resolution imaging spectratiometer,MODIS)的气溶胶产品,研究福建省厦漳泉地区气溶胶污染特征和影响因素,并对比了3市气溶胶质量浓度的差异。研究结果表明2002—2017年厦漳泉地区气溶胶质量浓度的变化趋势可以分为三个阶段:一是在2002—2007年呈现平缓的增长;二是在2008—2011年没有明显的变化;三是在2012年之后,气溶胶质量浓度开始出现明显的下降趋势。在16年的时间里,区域平均气溶胶质量浓度减少了5.1μg/cm^(2)(约为23.10%),说明厦漳泉地区空气质量有较明显的改善。在气溶胶质量浓度较高的厦门市,2012年出现最大值(45.0μg/cm^(2)),之后逐渐下降,到2017年(平均值为37.6μg/cm^(2))约下降了16.34%。厦漳泉地区气溶胶质量浓度呈现明显的季节变化,最大值出现在4月;5月开始出现较大的下降;秋末冬初出现最低值;12月区域平均值为(18.4±5.2)μg/cm^(2),但是时间上的波动达到最大,同时空间异质性也很明显。厦漳泉地区气溶胶质量浓度的空间分布异质性明显,在10~85μg/cm^(2)之间变化。气溶胶质量浓度高值区主要出现在沿海的泉州市、厦门市和漳州市的城区,三个城区的高值分别为85,75,65μg/cm^(2),高值区年际间波动较小;而低值区由于受到其他区域的影响,年际间波动较大。

This paper performed an analysis of temporal-spatial variations of aerosol mass concentration over Xiamen,Zhangzhou and Quanzhou(XZQ)region using moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)aerosol products,which flied on NASA’s Earth Observing System Terra and Aqua satellite platforms,and study the differences among these three cities of Xiamen,Quanzhou and Zhangzhou.The findings indicated that the trend of aerosol mass concentration in XZQ region can be divided into three stages from 2002 to 2017.There was a gradual increase from 2002 to 2007;there was no obvious change trend from 2008 to 2011;the aerosol mass concentration began to show a significant downward trend after 2012.In these 16 years,the aerosol mass concentration was reduced 5.1μg/cm^(2),about 23.10%,which response the air quality has improved significantly over XZQ region.However,the high aerosol concentration area of Xiamen,after the maximum value(45.0μg/cm^(2))appeared in 2012,then gradually decreased until 2017.The average value for 2017 was 37.6μg/cm^(2),decreased about 16.34%.The aerosol mass concentration in the XZQ region showed obvious seasonal changes.The maximum appeared in April and the regional average was(37.1±7.2)μg/cm^(2).The aerosol mass concentration in the whole region is generally larger than other months in spatial distribution,and the spatial heterogeneity is the smallest.The aerosol mass concentration appeared large drop from May,and the spatial distribution characteristics of the whole region were similar from May to October.The aerosol concentration in the entire region showed the lowest value by late autumn and early winter.The regional average aerosol mass concentration in December was(18.4±5.2)μg/cm^(2).The fluctuations in winter time reached its maximum in December,and the spatial heterogeneity was also most obvious.Zhangzhou,Quanzhou cities showed consistent monthly variation.The spatial heterogeneity of aerosol mass concentration in the XZQ region was obvious,varying between 10μg/cm^(2) and 85μg/cm^(2).The high value areas of aerosol mass concentration mainly appeared in the coastal area of the urban of Quanzhou,Xiamen and Zhangzhou cities.The highest values of the three urban areas are 85,75,65μg/cm^(2),respectively.The high value areas have less interannual fluctuations,while the low value areas are affected by other areas,with large interannual fluctuations.